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©2011 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
Figure 1 Pathophysiology and definitions of the five subtypes of cardiorenal syndromes.
CVP: Central venous pressure; GFR: Glomerular filtration rate; BNP: Brain natriuretic peptide; ANP: Atrial natriuretic peptide; RAAS: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system ; ADHF: Acute decompensated heart failure; ACS: Acute coronary syndrome; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; CVD: Cardiovascular disease; ATN: Acute tubular necrosis; CI-AKI: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury; CSA-AKI: Cardiac surgery-associated AKI; CHF: Chronic heart failure; LVH: Left ventricular hypertrophy; EPO: Erythropoietin; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide.
- Citation: McCullough PA, Ahmad A. Cardiorenal syndromes. World J Cardiol 2011; 3(1): 1-9
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1949-8462/full/v3/i1/1.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v3.i1.1