Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Cardiol. Jul 26, 2024; 16(7): 412-421
Published online Jul 26, 2024. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v16.i7.412
Table 1 Demographic characteristics and comorbidities in type 2 myocardial infarction-related hospitalizations with vs without depression

Depression
Total T2MI, n = 331145
P value
No, n = 289740
Yes, n = 41405
Age at admission
Median (IQR)73 (62-83)71 (61-81)73 (62-82)< 0.001
18-44 years5.4%5.0%5.3%
45-64 years24.1%27.6%24.6%
≥ 65 years67.3%70.1%70.5%
Sex< 0.001
Male54.6%40.1%52.8%
Female45.4%59.9%47.2%
Race< 0.001
White68.7%78.4%69.9%
Black16.9%11.2%16.2%
Hispanic8.1%6.1%7.8%
Asian or Pacific Islander2.8%1.4%2.6%
Native American0.8%0.9%0.9%
Others2.8%2.0%2.7%
Median household income quartile for patient zip code< 0.001
0-25th32.9%31.2%32.7%
26-50th26.5%27.2%26.6%
51-75th23.1%23.6%23.2%
76-100th17.5%17.9%17.5%
Primary expected payer< 0.001
Medicare71.8%73.5%72.0%
Medicaid10.4%11.1%10.5%
Private including HMO12.5%10.8%12.3%
Self-pay2.9%2.1%2.8%
No charges0.2%0.1%0.2%
Others2.2%2.4%2.2%
Type of admission0.985
Non-elective97.0%97.0%97.0%
Elective3.0%3.0%3.0%
Location/teaching status of hospital< 0.001
Rural8.4%9.0%8.5%
Urban non-teaching15.6%15.2%15.5%
Urban teaching76.0%75.8%76.0%
Region of hospital< 0.001
Northeast22.9%21.7%22.8%
Midwest23.1%27.9%23.7%
South35.0%33.4%34.8%
West19.0%17.0%18.7%
Comorbidities
Alcohol abuse4.9%0.6%5.0%< 0.001
Arthropathies4.1%5.8%4.3%< 0.001
Dementia10.9%15.8%11.6%< 0.001
Hypertension, complicated49.9%49.2%49.8%0.006
Hypertension, uncomplicated19.9%22.6%20.2%< 0.001
Diabetes with chronic complications31.5%32.4%31.6%< 0.001
Diabetes without chronic complications9.0%8.9%9.0%0.244
Hyperlipidemia48.9%56.5%49.9%< 0.001
Obesity17.9%21.3%18.4%< 0.001
Peripheral vascular disease11.3%11.6%11.3%0.095
Prior MI12.2%13.2%12.3%< 0.001
Prior TIA/stroke8.6%10.1%8.8%< 0.001
Drug abuse5.0%7.4%5.3%< 0.001
Tobacco use disorder15.5%19.4%16.0%< 0.001
Chronic pulmonary disease31.4%38.9%32.3%< 0.001
Hypothyroidism15.0%21.3%15.8%< 0.001
Other thyroid disorders1.5%1.9%1.5%< 0.001
Anxiety & fear related disorders9.0%39.3%9.0%< 0.001
Cancer9.3%7.7%9.1%< 0.001