Epicardial adipose tissue in obesity with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance biomarker study

Table 4 Variables associated with the heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in obesity population

Variables	Lower/upper
	Univariate analysis (OR, 95%CI, P value)	Multivariate analysis (OR, 95%CI, P value)
Age (yr)	1.040 (0.994, 1.088) 0.087	1.046 (0.979, 1.117) 0.183
BMI (kg/m2)	1.057 (0.969, 1.154) 0.213
BMI > 35 kg/m2	2.812 (0.558, 14.179) 0.210
Diabetes	1.231 (0.323, 4.689) 0.761
Hypertension	3.545 (0.952, 13.201) 0.059	4.580 (1.008, 20.803) 0.049a
LVEF (%)	0.002 (0.000, 7.482) 0.136
LVEDVi (mL/m2)	1.020 (0.984, 1.058) 0.288
LVESVi (mL/m2)	1.063 (0.958, 1.178) 0.249
LA AP diameter (mm)	0.977 (0.884, 1.080) 0.646
LA LR diameter (mm)	0.963 (0.900, 1.030) 0.267
EAT mass index (g/m2)	1.049 (1.002, 1.098) 0.042a	0.963 (1.054, 0.880) 0.416
EAT mass (g)	1.020 (1.000, 1.041) 0.051
EATi (mL/m2)	1.045 (1.002, 1.090) 0.042a
EAT volume (mL)	1.019 (1.000, 1.038) 0.051
EAT/LA AP diameter ratio	1.794 (0.915, 3.519) 0.089
EAT/LA LR diameter ratio	3.989 (1.171, 13.584) 0.027a	9.226 (1.070, 79.512) 0.043a
EAT/LV mass ratio	1.236 (0.300, 5.098) 0.770
EAT/LV volume ratio	2.299 (0.317, 16.658) 0.410

^aP < 0.05.

HDL: High-density lipoprotein; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; EAT: Epicardial adipose tissue; EATi: Epicardial adipose tissue index; CI: Confidence interval; OR: Odds ratio.