Cardiac hypertrophy in polycythemia vera: A case report and review of literature

Table 3 Case reports of polycythemia vera complicated with cardiac disease

Ref.	Biographical information	Diagnosis	Therapy	Prognosis	Pivot
Bahbahani et al[9]	Egyptian woman aged 37 years	Acute myocardial infarction, PV	Thrombolysis, hydroxyurea 15 mg/kg, aspirin 81 mg	After 4 weeks, myocardial perfusion imaging of the patient revealed no evidence of myocardial ischemia. Coronary CT angiography showed normal findings	Young individuals without atherosclerosis and its associated risk factors may experience cardiovascular thrombotic events due to PV
Zaman et al[7]	61-year-old female	Heart failure, microcirculatory disorder, PV	Normally treated with bloodletting, aspirin, and clopidogrel after diagnosis	During follow-up, the patient did not experience any new episodes of chest pain	PV can lead to microembolism in the cardiac microcirculation, resulting in impaired cardiac function
Duran Luciano and Sabella-Jiménez[31]	52-year-old Hispanic male	Acute myocardial infarction, JAK2 negative PV	Antiplatelet, anticoagulation, and PCI therapy	Follow-up revealed improvement in cardiac function compared to previous assessments	JAK2-negative PV can also lead to cardiovascular thrombotic events
Inami et al[32]	64-year-old male	Acute myocardial infarction, recurrence of myocardial infarction after PCI, PV	PCI treatment, phlebotomy, and hydroxyurea for PV	No complications occurred	Patients with PV have a high risk of intrastent thrombosis following PCI
D'Onofrio et al[33]	86-year-old female	Severe stenotic aortic valve, pulmonary edema, post aortic valve replacement, respiratory circulatory failure	Aortic valve replacement, ECMO, CPR	The patient died	PV accompanied by severe thrombocytosis precluded antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy, resulting in death from cerebral hemorrhage. Autopsy revealed extensive white thrombi formation in both the aortic valve and ventricles
Butt and Latif[34]	49-year-old male	Dilated cardiomyopathy, New York Classification III	Aspirin 100 mg, ramipril and bisoprolol in an increasing dose titration regimen. Furosemide 40 mg	During follow-up, the ejection fraction improved from 18% to 42%	Microvascular myocyte necrosis is considered the sole plausible pathophysiology of the cardiomyopathy
Haroun et al[35]	71-year-old Ethiopian man	PV, pericardial effusion, post-PV myelofibrosis	Discontinuation of hydroxyurea, pericardiocentesis	At 8 weeks following the initial consultation, during outpatient follow-up, complete blood cell counts revealed a leukocyte count of 13.6 × 109 cells/L, hemoglobin level of 9.9 g/dL, and platelet count of 556000/L	PV progressed to bone marrow fibrosis, resulting in extramedullary hematopoiesis and the formation of pericardial effusion

CT: Computed tomography; PV: Polycythemia vera; PCI: Percutaneous coronary intervention; JAK2: Janus kinase 2; ECMO: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; CPR: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation.