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©The Author(s) 2023.
World J Cardiol. Sep 26, 2023; 15(9): 448-461
Published online Sep 26, 2023. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v15.i9.448
Published online Sep 26, 2023. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v15.i9.448
Table 2 Baseline demographics and comorbid condition rate of patients admitted for coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia with and without bundle branch block without a pacemaker, n (%)
Study group | Control group | P value | |
All bundle branch blocks without pacemaker (n = 17365/1.6%) | No bundle branch blocks (n = 1044660/98.4%) | ||
Age (year), mean | 72.5 | 64 | < 0.001 |
Gender | < 0.001 | ||
Female | 6845 (39.4) | 492775 (47.3) | |
Male | (60.6) | (52.7) | |
Ethnicity | 0.0359 | ||
White | 10766 (62) | 543223 (52) | |
Black | 2431 (14) | 198485 (19) | |
Hispanic | 2952 (17) | 219378 (21) | |
Other | 1216 (7) | 83573 (8) | |
Chronic kidney disease | 5005 (29) | 201080 (19) | < 0.001 |
Hypertension | 6390 (37) | 431830 (41) | < 0.001 |
Congestive heart failure | 5470 (32) | 158555 (15) | < 0.001 |
Government insured | 13360 (79.5) | 662990 (67) | < 0.001 |
Private insured | 3065 (18.2) | 289605 (29.3) | < 0.001 |
Self-pay | 385 (2.3) | 35570 (3.6) | < 0.001 |
Poor socioeconomic status | 3290 | 165275 | |
Hospital region | < 0.001 | ||
Northeast | 3885 (22.4) | 183315 (17.6) | |
Midwest | 4725 (27.2) | 241390 (23.2) | |
South | 6160 (35.4) | 436866 (42) | |
West | 2595 (15) | 179880 (17.2) | |
Hospital bed size | 0.0025 | ||
Small | 3900 (22.4) | 267490 (25.6) | |
Medium | 5345 (30.8) | 300385 (29) | |
Large | 8120 (46.8) | 473575 (45.4) | |
Charlson index | < 0.001 | ||
0 | 2952 (17) | 292505 (28) | |
1 | 3646 (21) | 292505 (28) | |
2 | 3299 (19) | 147145 (16) | |
3 | 7466 (43) | 292505 (28) | |
Median household income | < 0.001 | ||
First quartile | 5088 (29.3) | 355184 (34) | |
Second quartile | 4705 (27.1) | 292505 (28) | |
Third quartile | 4202 (24.4) | 229825 (22) | |
Fourth quartile | 3334 (19.2) | 147145 (16) | |
Myocardial infarction | 3035 (17.5) | 74775 (7) | < 0.001 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 1530 (9) | 46145 (4.4) | < 0.001 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 1045 (6) | 41215 (4) | < 0.001 |
Dementia | 2835 (16) | 113770 (11) | < 0.001 |
Chronic obstructive lung disease | 4300 (25) | 243800 (23.4) | 0.0592 |
Rheumatoid arthritis | 495 (3) | 29690 (3) | 0.9993 |
Peptic ulcer disease | 60 (0.4) | 4585 (0.4) | 0.4011 |
Mild liver disease | 670 (3.8) | 35700 (3.4) | 0.1675 |
Diabetes mellitus | 4005 (23) | 259525 (25) | 0.0137 |
Diabetic complications | 7420 (43) | 322240 (30.8) | < 0.001 |
Hemiplegia or paraplegia | 320 (1.8) | 16420 (1.6) | 0.3728 |
Renal disease | 10370 (60) | 412910 (39.5) | < 0.001 |
Cancer | 970 (5.6) | 56730 (5.4) | 0.7950 |
Moderate/Severe liver disease | 240 (1.4) | 15660 (1.5) | 0.7335 |
Metastatic cancer | 840 (4.8) | 48540 (4.6) | 0.8478 |
AIDS | 210 (1.2) | 13830 (1.3) | 0.8074 |
- Citation: Shoura SJ, Teaima T, Sana MK, Abbasi A, Atluri R, Yilmaz M, Hammo H, Ali L, Kanitsoraphan C, Park DY, Alyousef T. Outcomes in patients with COVID-19 and new onset heart blocks: Insight from the National Inpatient Sample database. World J Cardiol 2023; 15(9): 448-461
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1949-8462/full/v15/i9/448.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v15.i9.448