Right ventricle dysfunction does not predict mortality in patients with SARS-CoV-2-related acute respiratory distress syndrome on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support

Table 2 Comparison between survivors and no survivors, n %

Variable	All patients	Survivors (No. 28)	No survivors (No. 33)	P value
Clinical data
Age (yr), mean ± SD	54.3 ± 10.3	50.1 ± 11.6	58.0 ± 7.3	0.003
Gender, M/F	45/16 (73.8/26.2)	18/10 (40.0/62.5)	6/27 (60.0/37.5)	0.121
BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD	32.9 ± 5.3	31.8 ± 4.0	33.8 ± 6.1	0.138
Charlson index, median (IQR)	2.0 (1.0-3.0)	2.0 (1.0-3.0)	2.0 (1.0-3.0)	0.772
Time from symptoms’ onset to ICU (d), median (IQR)	13 (10-13)	10 (8-13)	13 (10-15)	0.066
SOFA, median (IQR)	8.0 (7.0-10.0)	7.5 (5.5-9.0)	10.0 (8.0-10.0)	0.01
Mechanical ventilation length to ECMO support (d), median (IQR)	6.0 (8.0-11.0)	6.5 (4.5-9.5)	10.0 (7.0-12.0)	0.006
ECMO duration (d), median (IQR)	22 (13-42)	35 (19-48)	18 (10-30)	0.015
ICU death	33 (54.1)	-	-	-
Biohumoral data
Creatinine (mg/dL), median (IQR)	1.00 (0.70-1.88)	0.82 (0.60-1.35)	1.60 (0.77-2.00)	0.03
D-dimer (ng/mL), median (IQR)	3694 (2153-7326)	3948 (1740-13095)	3600 (2378-5007)	0.418
CRP (mg/dL), median (IQR)	140 (86-143)	120 (85-172)	164 (97-215)	0.553
IL-6 (pg/mL), median (IQR)	35.5 (7.9-71.0)	46.5 (6.8-107.0)	35.5 (20.5-59.0)	0.851
Troponin (pg/mL), median (IQR)	20.5 (15.0-39.0)	34.0 (15.0-115.0)	22.0 (9.0-50.0)	0.281
NT-pro BNP (pg/mL), median (IQR)	875 (355-1754)	734 (254-1542)	1272 (586-1870)	0.064
LDH IU/L, median (IQR)	466 (378-540)	423 (367-513)	475 (426-543)	0.089
Echocardiographic data
LVEF (%)	63.9 ± 7.6	65.6 ± 8.1	62.5 ± 6.9	0.113
RV/LV	0.58 ± 0.17	0.58 ± 0.19	0.58 ± 0.16	0.945
TAPSE (mm)	18.0 (10.0-21.0)	19.0 (10.0 ± 22.5)	18.0 (10.0-21.0)	0.375
RVDD	34 (55.7)	13	21	0.275
sPAP (mmHg)	58.4 ± 9.4	60.2 ± 7.6	61.3 ± 10.7	0.638
E/e1	11 ± 3	10.7 ± 2.9	11.6 ± 3.7	0.34
TAPSE/sPAP (mm/mmHg)	0.28 ± 0.13	0.29 ± 0.13	0.27 ± 0.13	0.692
Ventilatory parameters
PEEP (cm H2O)	12.2 ± 2.3	12.3 ± 2.3	12.2 ± 2.4	0.91
PO2/FiO2	62 (50-88)	66 (54-88)	60 (50-88)	0.442
Norepinephrine (μg/kg/min), mean ± SD	0.34 ± 0.22	0.30 ± 0.20	0.35 ± 0.24	0.388

IQR: Interquartile range; RVDD: Right ventricle dilatation and dysfunction; BMI: Body mass index; ICU: Intensive care unit; LOS: Length of stay; CRP: C-reactive protein; IL-6: Interleukin 6; SOFA: Simplified organ functional assessment; ECMO: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; NT pro BNP: N terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide; RV: Right ventricle; LV: Left ventricle; EF: Ejection fraction; TAPSE: Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; sPAP: Systolic pulmonary arterial pressure; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; PEEP: Positive end-expiratory pressure.