Arrhythmic syncope: From diagnosis to management

Table 3 High-risk features suggesting cardiac syncope

High-risk features
Past medical history
Previous myocardial infarction
Previous cardiovascular condition (i.e., BrS, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Long QT syndrome, etc.)
Syncopal event
Syncope during exertion or in supine position
Syncope associated with chest pain, palpitations, breathless, or abdominal pain
Physical examination
Signs of heart failure
Cardiac murmur suggesting specific condition (i.e., aortic stenosis)
Signs of shock
Electrocardiogram
Conduction disturbance (AV block, bundle branch block)
Pathological Q waves
Long QT interval
Pre-excitation syndrome
Negative T waves

BrS: Brugada syndrome; AV: Atrio-ventricular.