Cardiovascular complications following medical termination of pregnancy: An updated review

Table 1 Patients with infective endocarditis following medical termination of pregnancy

No.	Age/details	Time interval	Antibiotic prophylaxis	Microbiological diagnosis	Valves involved	Other complications	Management	Final outcome	Ref.
1	17 yr/clandestine abortion	28 d	No	Neg	TV	None	Mx	Survived	[10]
2	30 yr/post ciprofloxacin and doxycycline	10 d	No	GBS	MV	S Ar, R Ar	Mx, MVR	Survived	[11]
3	31 yr/post-surgical abortion	48 d	No	GBS	TV	STE	Mx, TVR	Survived	[12]
4	37 yr/post-surgical abortion, past history of AVR/MVR for IE	60 d	Yes (ampicillin and gentamycin)	GBS	AV	SE	Mx	Survived	[13]
5	18 yr/elective abortion	Several weeks	No	GBS	TV	SE	Mx	Survived	[14]
6	30 yr/elective abortion	28 d	No	GBS	TV	SE, 1st HB	Mx, TVR	Survived	[15]
7	33 yr/elective abortion	28 d	No	GBS	TV	SE, VRA	Mx, TVR	Survived	[16]
8	24 yr/elective abortion	28 d	No	GBS	TV	SE, RHF	Mx	Survived	[17]
9	15 yr/elective abortion	7 d	Doxycycline	GBS	PV	SE, PAA	Mx, PVR	Survived	[18]
10	15 yr/elective abortion	11 d	Ciprofloxacin + doxycycline	GBS	AV	HF, AR	Mx, AVR	Survived	[19]
11	18 yr/elective abortion	14 d	Doxycycline	GBS	TV	SE	Mx, Emb	Survived	[20]
12	22 yr/elective abortion	7 d	-	GBS	TV	SE, PAA, TR	Mx	Lost to follow-up	[21]
13	Young female	-	-	-	Mu	-	Mx, AVR, TVR	Death	[22]
14	37 yr	11 d	-	GBS	TV	SE, SI	Mx	Survived	[23]
15	25 yr/rheumatic heart disease	14 d	-	MSSA	Mu	SE	Mx	Survived	[24]
16	21 yr	21 d	-	E coli	MV	HF	Mx, MVR	Survived	[25]

GBS: Group B streptococcus; MSSA: Methicillin sensitive staphylococcus aureus; MV: Mitral valve; TV: Tricuspid valve; AV: Aortic valve; PV: Pulmonary valve; Mu: Multiple valves involved; S Ar: Septic arthritis; R Ar: Reactive arthritis; STE: Septic thromboembolism; SE: Septic embolism; 1^st HB: First degree heart block; VRA: Valve ring abscess; RHF: Right heart failure; PAA: Pulmonary artery aneurysm; HF: Heart failure; TR: Tricuspid regurgitation; AR: Aortic regurgitation; SI: Sacroilitis; Mx: Medical management; MVR: Mitral valve replacement; PVR: Pulmonary valve replacement; AVR: Aortic valve replacement; Emb: Embolectomy; TVR: Tricuspid valve replacement.