Heart failure with reduced, mildly reduced, or preserved left ventricular ejection fraction: Has reasoning been lost?

Figure 2 Left ventricular ejection fraction adjusted hazard ratios in patients with heart failure (number of echocardiograms = 40616). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) intervals are inclusive of the lower threshold. Error bars represent the 95%CI. The referent group was outpatients with an LVEF of 60%-65%. While 51192 echocardiograms were performed on patients with heart failure in the primary analysis, only 40616 echocardiograms are represented in this figure due to excluding echocardiograms missing measurements of end-diastolic volume index or wall thicknesses, for which adjustments were made in the analysis. Citation: Wehner GJ, Jing L, Haggerty CM, Suever JD, Leader JB, Hartzel DN, Kirchner HL, Manus JNA, James N, Ayar Z, Gladding P, Good CW, Cleland JGF, Fornwalt BK. Routinely reported ejection fraction and mortality in clinical practice: where does the nadir of risk lie? Eur Heart J 2020; 41(12): 1249-1257. Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019. Published by the European Society of Cardiology.