Heart failure with reduced, mildly reduced, or preserved left ventricular ejection fraction: Has reasoning been lost?

Table 1 Heart failure studies including patients with mildly reduced and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction

Ref.		Drug	LVEF cut off
Registries
Yancy et al[22]	ADHERE	-	≥ 40
Fonarow et al[23]	OPTIMIZE-HF	-	≥ 40%; ≥ 50%
Steinberg et al[24]	GWTG-HF	-	≥ 50%; 40%-50%
Randomized controlled trials
Yusuf et al[25]	CHARM-PRESERVED	Candesartan	> 40%
Cleland et al[26]	PEP-CHF	Perindopril	> 40%
Massie et al[27]	I-PRESERVE	Irbesartan	≥ 45%
van Veldhuisen et al[28]	SENIORS	Nebivolol	> 35%
Redfield et al[29]	RELAX Trial	Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors	≥ 50
Yamamoto et al[30]	J-DHF	Carvedilol	> 40%
Ahmed et al[31]	DIG-PEF	Digitalis	> 45%
Pitt et al[32]	TOPCAT	Spironolactone	≥ 45%
Solomon et al[33]	PARAMOUNT	Sacubitril/Valsartan	≥ 45%
Solomon et al[34]	PARAGON HF	Sacubitril/Valsartan	≥ 45%
Pieske et al[35]	SOCRATES-PRESERVED	Vericiguat	≥ 45%
Armstrong et al[36]	VITALITY-HFpEF	Vericiguat	≥ 45%
Anker et al[15]	EMPEROR-PRESERVED	Empagliflozin	> 40%
Solomon et al[37]	DELIVER trial	Dapagliflozin	> 40%
Meta-analysis
Meta-analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure[38]	MAGGIC	-	≥ 50
Zheng et al[39]	Systematic review and meta-analysis	Neurohormonal inhibitors	≥ 40%

LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction.