Potential for sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in the management of metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 3 Baseline values for the MetS components

		Waist circumference (cm)		Triglyceride (mg/dL)		HDL (mg/dL)		SBP (mmHg)		DBP (mmHg)		Fasting plasma glucose
Ref.	SGLT2-I (daily dose, mg)	SGLT2-I	Placebo	SGLT2-I	Placebo	SGLT2-I	Placebo	SGLT2-I	Placebo	SGLT2-I	Placebo	SGLT2-I	Placebo
Bailey et al[25], 2013	DAPA (2.5)							126.6 (14.5)	127.7 (14.6)	79.5 (8.7)	80.9 (9.0)	161.3 ± 43	165.42 (46.44)
	DAPA (5)							126.9 (14.3)		80.8 (8.5)		169.0 ± 49
	DAPA (10)							126.0 (15.9)		79.0 (10.2)		155.9 ± 38.7
Bailey et al[24], 2015	DAPA (2.5)	105.6 (14.9)	103.2 (13.8)					129.3 (16.1)	124.7 (16.3)	79.1 (7.9)	81.0 (9.5)	163.8 ± 48.6	160.2 (41.4)
	DAPA (5)	104.3 (11.7)						124.7 (15.3)		81.6 (8.9)		162 ± 45
	DAPA (10)	108.1 (13.2)						125.1 (16.4)		80.2 (8.6)		167.4 ± 41.4
Bolinder et al[33], 2014	DAPA (10)	105.6 ± 10.1	104.5 ± 12.3					136.1 ± 13.8	133.3 ± 13.7	80.6 ± 8.0	80.4 ± 8.3	147.6 ± 25.2	149.4 ± 25.2
Brown et al[35], 2020	DAPA (10)							137.25 ± 7.5	136.15 ± 9.11	79.16 ± 8.63	77.79 ± 8.25	140.4 ± 63	144.9 ± 54.0
Jabbour et al[30], 2014	DAPA (10)											162.2 (36.8)	163.0 (34.5)
Kohan et al[28], 2016	DAPA (2.5)							133.1 (17.2)	130.8 (15.8)	79.8 (9.3)	79.6 (9.0)
	DAPA (5)							130.5 (16.2)		79.5 (8.9)
	DAPA (10)							131.1 (16.3)		79.1 (9.3)
List et al[39], 2009	DAPA (2.5)							127 ± 14	126 ± 16	78 ± 8	77 ± 8	145 ± 34	150 ± 46
	DAPA (5)							126 ± 13	126 ± 13	76 ± 8	78 ± 8	153 ± 48	143 ± 33
	DAPA (10)							127 ± 16		77 ± 8		148 ± 38
	DAPA (20)							127 ± 15		77 ± 8		149 ± 41
	DAPA (50)							126 ± 16		77 ± 9		153 ± 42
Matthaei et al[34], 2015	DAPA (10)			185.9 ± 123.9	177.1 ± 79.7	46.44 ± 11.6	46.4 ± 11.6	134.5 ± 12.6	136.4 ± 14.2	80.4 ± 9.2	81.6 ± 7.9	167.4 ± 43.3	180.2 ± 43.1
McMurray et al[31], 2019	DAPA (10)									72.5 ± 13.2
Rosenstock et al[26], 2012	DAPA (5)											168.6 +/-52.1	160.7 +/-47.0
	DAPA (10)											164.9 +/-46.3
Wilding et al[27], 2014	DAPA (2.5)	109.7 (13.4)	110.2 (14.5)									180 ± 59.4	171 (57.6)
	DAPA (5/10)1	109.3 (13.4)										185.4 ± 59.4
	DAPA (10)	109.6 (12.5)										172.8 ± 54
Anker et al[15], 2021	EMPA (10)							131.8 ± 15.6	131.9 ± 15.7	78
Rosenstock et al[37], 2015	EMPA (10)			175.23 ± 14.2	158.5 ± 7.97	46.1 ± 0.77	46 ± 0.77	132.4 ± 15.5	133.9 ± 16.3	78.4 ± 9.2	78.6 ± 10.9	138.6 ± 52.2	142.2 ± 46.8
	EMPA (25)			162.8 ± 0.8		46.1 ± 0.78		132.8 ± 15.1		77.9 ± 10.2		145.8 ± 25
Rosenstock et al[38], 2014	EMPA (10)			171.7 ± 8.85	178.9 ± 12.4	46.1 ± 0.79	45.2 ± 0.77	134.2 ± 16.4	132.6 ± 15.8	79.5 ± 8.5	78.2 ± 8.8	158.9 ± 46.8	151.38 ± 45.72
	EMPA (25)			169.9 ± 7.08		46.4 ± 0.77		132.9 ± 14.2		78.7 ± 8.5		149.2 ± 48.6
Sone et al[36], 2020	EMPA (10)	93.3 ± 8.8	93.8 ± 9.6					134.2 ± 14.6	135.7 ± 14.0	80.1 ± 10.2	79.6 ± 8.7	168.8 ± 43.1	159.1 ± 38.5
	EMPA (25)	93.1 ± 8.3						136.3 ± 14.3		80.0 ± 10.6		156.1 ± 37.7
Zinman et al[5], 2015	EMPA (10)	104.9	105.1	168.4 ± 2.67	170.7 ± 2.53	44.7 ± 0.25	44.0 ± 0.24	134.9 ± 16.8	135.8 ± 17.2	76.6 ± 9.8	76.8 ± 10.1
	EMPA (25)	104.9		172.6 ± 2.27		44.5 ± 0.25		135.6 ± 17.0		76.6 ± 9.7

¹5 mg for 48 wk, 10 for 56 wk.

HDL: High-density lipoprotein; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; SGLT2-I: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor.