Mortality and morbidity in patients with atrial fibrillation and liver cirrhosis

Table 1 Characteristics of hepatic cirrhosis patients stratified by presence of atrial fibrillation among 2003-2014

Characteristic	Non-AF (n = 651192)	AF (n = 45745)	P value
Age (mean ± SD, yr)	54 ± 11	65 ± 11	< 0.001
Female, n (%)	171592 (28.3)	9244 (20.2)	< 0.001
Race, n (%)			< 0.001
Caucasian	343516 (65.8)	30624 (76.2)
African American	57718 (11.1)	3674 (9.1)
Hispanic	91439 (17.5)	4130 (10.3)
Medical comorbidity, n (%)
Hypertension	215381 (35.7)	23136 (50.7)	< 0.001
Diabetes mellitus	126047 (20.8)	12282 (26.8)	< 0.001
Prior sternotomy	8602 (1.4)	2926 (6.4)	< 0.001
Chronic pulmonary disease	106826 (17.6)	14176 (31)	< 0.001
Chronic renal failure	62065 (10.3)	9884 (21.6)	< 0.001
Anemia	186205 (30.8)	13771 (30.1)	0.004
Chronic alcohol use	418372 (69.1)	29194 (63.8)	< 0.001
Hypothyroidism	35221 (5.8)	4662 (10.2)	< 0.001
Peripheral vascular disease	16026 (2.6)	3518 (7.7)	< 0.001
Smoking	159957 (26.4)	8420 (18.4)	< 0.001
Coronary artery disease	31636 (5.2)	6994 (15.3)	< 0.001
Hospital characteristic, n (%)
Teaching hospital	303751 (50.4)	22069 (48.4)	< 0.001
Rural area	57619 (9.6)	4378 (9.6)	0.761
Hospital bed-size			< 0.001
Small	72730 (12.1)	5903 (13)
Medium	156654 (26)	11616 (25.5)
Large	373165 (61.9)	28057 (61.6)
Primary payer, n (%)			< 0.001
Medicare/Medicaid	350547 (57.9)	33371 (73)
Private including HMO	140515 (23.2)	8278 (18.1)
Self-pay	72366 (12)	2287 (5)

AF: Atrial fibrillation; HMO: Health maintenance organization.