Psychological stress and long-term blood pressure variability of military young males: The cardiorespiratory fitness and hospitalization events in armed forces study

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study cohort (n = 1112)

Characteristic	BSRS ≤ 5 (n = 983)	BSRS > 5 (n = 129)	P value
Age (yr)	32.21 ± 3.87	32.22 ± 4.02	0.99
Body mass index (kg/m2)	25.14 ± 2.93	25.18 ± 2.71	0.89
SBP (mmHg)	118.45 ± 13.45	117.60 ± 12.98	0.49
DBP (mmHg)	71.58 ± 10.12	71.83 ± 9.95	0.78
Heart rate (beats per min)	74.96 ± 10.48	75.51 ± 11.54	0.58
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL)	94.42 ± 13.17	95.09 ± 15.33	0.59
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	180.27 ± 36.62	179.30 ± 34.01	0.75
High-density lipoprotein (mg/dL)	47.97 ± 9.78	48.30 ± 11.15	0.72
Physical activity
Never or occasionally	147 (15.0)	38 (29.5)	< 0.01
1-2 times/wk	365 (37.1)	62 (48.1)
≥ 3-5 times/wk	471 (47.9)	29 (22.5)
Current drinkers (%)	441 (44.9)	76 (58.9)	< 0.01
Current smokers (%)	376 (38.3)	55 (42.5)	0.33

Continuous variables are expressed as the mean ± SD, and categorical variables as n (%). BSRS: Brief Symptom Rating Scale; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure.