Rapid right ventricular pacing for balloon valvuloplasty in congenital aortic stenosis: A systematic review

Table 1 Study and patient characteristics

PMID	Ref. (year of Publication)	Country	Study type	Study period	Patient sample	Male:female	Patient age(years)	Age groups			Weight(kg)	Length(cm)	Cardiac pathology	Past cardiac intervention history
								Neonates	Infants	Children				BAV	SAV
20826965	Gupta et al[9] (2010)	India	Retrospective case series	June 2006-August 2009	A: 5 B: 5	A: 5:0 B: 4:1	A: 5.04 B: 5.04	0	0	10	A: 20.04 B: 14.04	NR	AS NYHA II & III	0	0
20465717	Mehta et al[8] (2010)	United Kingdom	Retrospective case series	NR	25	NR	11.61,4 (1.0 mo-32.0)5	NR	NR	NR	38.81,4 (4.4-67.1)5	NR	Isolated AS: 18/25 (72%)	7/25 (28%)2
													Mixed aortic valve disease: 3/25 (12%)
													Other associated lesions: 4/25 (16%)
16889846	David et al[7] (2007)	Mexico	Non-randomized, prospective	September 2004-July 2005	10	6: 4	10.04 (3.0-16.0)5	0	0	10	NR	NR	Untreated AS with gradient ≥ 50 mm Hg or less, with obstructive and AR grades I– II or without insufficiency.	0	0
15310698	Daehnert et al[6] (2004)	Germany	Prospective pilot	September 2001-August 2003	14	9: 5	13.44 (0.3-20.2)5	0	1	13	48.54 (7.0-79.0)5	158.04 (65.0-180.0)5	AS: 14/14 (100%)	1 (7.6%)	2/14 (14.3%)
N/A3	Ing et al[5] (2002)	United States	Retrospective case series	September 1999-June 2001	13	NR	9.96	NR	NR	NR	31.7 6	NR	AS: 13/13 (100%)	0	0

¹David et al[7] reported on 25 patients who underwent balloon aortic valvuloplasty and 4 patients who had stenting of coarctation (these demographics were not grouped according to type of cardiac pathology).

²Seven patients had previous interventions either in the form of surgery of catheterization.

³Ing et al[5] was the first group to describe rapid right ventricular pacing for balloon aortic valvuloplasty in an abstract at the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

⁴Median.

⁵Range.

⁶Mean. A: Rapid right ventricular pacing (RRVP); B: RRVP + controlled transient respiratory arrest. PMID: PubMed identification number; BAV: Balloon aortic valvuloplasty; SAV: Surgical aortic valvotomy; AS: Congenital aortic valve stenosis; AR: Aortic regurgitation; CTRA: Controlled transient respiratory arrest; NYHA: New York Heart Association.