Prognostic impact of body mass index on in-hospital bleeding complications after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics according to body mass index

	Total	BMI < 25 kg/m²	25 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m²	BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²	P value
	n = 1998	n = 705	n = 877	n = 416
Cardiovascular risk factors
Age (yr)	64 (53-77)	67 (53-79)ae	64 (53-76)ac	61 (51-74)ce	< 0.001
Male	1485 (74.3)	493 (69.6)a	693 (79.0)ac	302 (72.6)c	< 0.001
Hypertension	986 (49.3)	308 (43.6)e	422 (48.2)c	257 (61.9)ce	< 0.001
Diabetes mellitus	492 (24.6)	134 (19.1)ae	211 (24.3)ac	147 (35.6)ce	< 0.001
Dyslipidaemia	1001 (50.1)	323 (45.8)ae	442 (50.8)ac	236 (57.0)ce	0.001
Smoker	708 (35.4)	261 (37)ae	299 (34.2)a	148 (35.8)e	0.006
Family history of coronary artery disease	442 (22.1)	134 (19.1)ae	210 (24.4)a	98 (24.0)e	0.032
Prior myocardial infarction	171 (8.6)	53 (7.5)	83 (9.5)	35 (8.5)	0.36
Obstructive sleep apnoea	22 (1.1)	0 (0.0)ae	10 (1.5)ac	12 (3.7)ce	< 0.001
History
Stroke	86 (4.3)	34 (4.8)	37 (4.2)	15 (3.6)	0.4
Renal failure	59 (3.0)	21 (3.0)	29 (3.3)	9 (2.2)	0.52
Cancer	158 (7.9)	61 (8.7)	71 (8.1)	27 (6.5)	0.41
Clinical presentation
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	139 (120-159)	135 (116-155)ae	140 (120-160)ac	141 (127-162)ce	< 0.001
HEMORR2HAGES score	1 (0-2)	1 (0-2)	1 (0-2)	1 (0-2)	0.09
CRUSADE score	24 (14-37)	29 (18-42)ae	21 (12-33)ac	18 (9-33)ce	< 0.001
Infarct characteristics
Time from symptoms to first medical contact (h)	2.25 (1-5.5)	2.3 (1.2-5.7)	2 (1-4)c	2 (1-6)c	0.024
Time from symptoms to admission (h)	3 (1.9-6.5)	3.1 (2-6.3)	2 (1-6)c	3 (2-7)c	0.025
Anterior infarction	820 (41)	294 (41.6)	362 (41.3)	166 (40.2)	0.57
Multivessel disease	1003 (53)	356 (53.2)	433 (52.5)	217 (54.5)	0.75
Femoral access	1017 (57.5)	365 (59.5)e	463 (58.7)c	191 (51.5)ce	0.021
Duration of the angioplasty procedure (min)	39 (22-60)	40 (22-59)	38 (22-60)	40 (21-60)	0.8
Fibrinolysis	307 (15.4)	100 (14.1)	153 (17.4)	55 (13.3)	0.06
Final TIMI 3 flow	1508 (92.8)	527 (92.5)	670 (93.3)	314 (92.4)	0.7
LVEF (%)	50 (40-55)	47 (36-58)	49 (38-59)	48 (38-59)	0.09
Creatine phosphokinase peak (UI/L)	1404 (606-2675)	1374 (520-2565)e	1367 (626-2711)	1526 (728-2683)e	0.048
Prior medication
Antivitamin K	62 (3.1)	21 (3)	29 (3.3)	12 (2.9)	0.91
In-hospital medication
Aspirin	1964 (98.3)	696 (98.9)	863 (98.6)	408 (98.8)	0.95
Clopidogrel	1777 (88.9)	627 (89.1)	786 (89.9)	367 (88.9)	0.74
Prasugrel	223 (11.2)	75 (11.5)	95 (11.4)	53 (13.6)	0.48
Antivitamin K	35 (1.8)	13 (1.9)	12 (1.4)	10 (2.4)	0.4
LMWH	1481 (74.1)	511 (72.7)	671 (76.7)	302 (73.3)	0.06
UFH	454 (22.7)	166 (23.6)	180 (20.6)	108 (26.2)	0.06
LMWH + UFH	198 (9.9)	71 (10.1)	78 (8.9)	49 (11.9)	0.25
Bivalirudin (since 2010, for information)	136	55	55	26	0.41

Data given as number (%) or median (interquartile range).

^aP < 0.05 to compare body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg/m² with BMI between 25 kg/m² and 30 kg/m²;

^cP < 0.05 to compare BMI between 25 kg/m² and 30 kg/m² with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²;

^eP < 0.05 to compare BMI < 25 kg/m² with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m². BMI: Body mass index; LEVF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; LMWH: Low molecular weight heparin; TIMI: Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction; UFH: Unfractionated heparin.