Prevalence and clinical characteristics associated with left atrial thrombus detection: Apixaban

Table 1 Cardiac risk factors and echocardiographic characteristics by presence of thrombus

	Study population (n = 226)	Apixaban-thrombus ( n = 7)	Apixaban - no thrombus ( n = 219)	P-value1
Age	65.8 ± 11.9	68.1 ± 8.0	65.7 ± 11.9	0.458
Race
White	190 (84.1)	4 (57.1)	186 (84.9)	0.0825
Black	34 (15.0)	3 (42.9)	31 (14.2)	0.0712
Hispanic	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	-
Asian	2 (0.9)	0 (0)	2 (0.9)	1
Most recent Cr	1.01 ± 0.33	1.18 ± 0.82	1.01 ± 0.32	0.662
ESRD	6 (2.7)	2 (28.5)	4 (1.8)	0.012
Clopidogrel	7 (3.1)	0 (0)	7 (3.2)	1
Aspirin	83 (36.7)	2 (28.5)	81 (37.0)	1
CHA2DS2-VASc	2.83 ± 1.62	3.43 ± 1.40	2.81 ± 1.62	0.354
CHF	88 (34.5)	3 (42.9)	75 (34.2)	0.695
Hypertension	184 (81.4)	7 (100)	177 (80.8)	0.353
Age > 75	50 (22.1)	1 (14.3)	49 (22.4)	1
Diabetes	50 (22.1)	2 (28.5)	48 (21.9)	0.652
Stroke	11 (4.9)	0 (0)	11 (5.0)	1
Vascular disease	26 (11.5)	1 (14.3)	25 (11.4)	0.580
Age > 65	145 (64.2)	6 (85.7)	139 (63.5)	0.426
Female	87 (38.5)	2 (28.5)	85 (38.8)	0.710
Persistent AF	59 (26.1)	5 (71.4)	54 (24.7)	0.014
Echocardiographic data
LVEF	47.8 ± 14.3	38.6 ± 19.3	48.1 ± 14.1	0.241
LVEF < 30	33 (14.6)	3 (42.9)	30 (13.7)	0.066
LVEF 30-49	44 (19.5)	1 (14.3)	43 (19.6)	1
LVEF ≥ 50	149 (65.9)	3 (42.9)	146 (66.7)	0.233
LAA velocity	48.4 ± 18.1	27.8 ± 10.5	49.0 ± 18.0	0.001
LAA velocity < 40 cm/s	71 (31.4)	6 (85.7)	65 (29.7)	0.004
SEC classification
None	206 (91.2)	1 (14.3)	205 (93.6)	<0.001
Clearing	7 (3.1)	1 (14.3)	6 (2.7)	0.200
Dense	13 (5.8)	5 (71.4)	8 (3.7)	<0.001
LA dilation
Moderate	66 (29.2)	1 (14.3)	65 (29.7)	0.677
Severe	59 (26.1)	6 (85.7)	53 (24.2)	0.001
Mitral Regurgitation
Moderate	53 (23.5)	1 (14.3)	52 (23.7)	1
Severe	5 (2.2)	1 (14.3)	4 (1.8)	0.147

¹P-values denote differences between cohorts with and without thrombus. AF: Atrial fibrillation; CHF: Congestive heart failure; Cr: Creatinine; ESRD: End-stage renal disease; LA: Left atria; LAA: Left atrial appendage; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; SEC: Spontaneous echo contrast.