Copyright
©The Author(s) 2018.
World J Cardiol. Sep 26, 2018; 10(9): 87-96
Published online Sep 26, 2018. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v10.i9.87
Published online Sep 26, 2018. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v10.i9.87
Inflammatory/ fibrotic mediator | Major roles in Inflammation and fibrosis | References |
TGF-β | Anti-inflammatory mediator | [17,37,46,61] |
ECM deposition and remodelling | ||
CTGF | Myofibroblast activation | [17] |
ECM deposition and remodelling | ||
TNF-α | Inducer and regulator of inflammation | [37,38] |
Macrophage and Natual Killer cell recruitment | ||
IL-6 | Late role in inflammatory cascade | [37,38] |
Adaptive Immune system activation | ||
IL-8 | Later role in inflammatory cascade Neutrophil cell recruitment | [37,38] |
IL-10 | Inflammatory mediator | [46] |
IFN-γ | Immune response modulation Macrophage and Natual Killer cell activation Anti-fibrotic | [37-39,46,62] |
VEGF | Angiogenesis and fibrosis promotion Fibrosis resolution | [39] |
bFGF | ECM deposition | [23,39] |
Ac-SDKP | Major role in the inhibition of fibrosis | [49] |
Galectin-3 | Myofibroblast activation ECM deposition | [49] |
- Citation: Ramasamy V, Mayosi BM, Sturrock ED, Ntsekhe M. Established and novel pathophysiological mechanisms of pericardial injury and constrictive pericarditis. World J Cardiol 2018; 10(9): 87-96
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1949-8462/full/v10/i9/87.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v10.i9.87