Cardiac implications of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

Table 1 Cardiac involvement and pathology in autopsy studies of deceased patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura

Authors	Year	Total No.	Descriptive comments of cardiac involvement and pathology
			Microthrombi in small vessel (arteriole/capillaries)	Epicardial coronary thrombus	Hemorrhage petechiae	Other pathology
Moschcowitz[6]	1925	1	1/1	0/1	n/r
Amorosi et al[45]	1966	3	3/3	1/3	3/3	AV node involvement 1/3
James et al[46]	1966	3	3/3	0/3	3/3
Geisinger[47]	1979	1	1/1	0/1	1/1
Ridolfi et al[48]	1979	17	17/17	0/17	13/17	AV node and his bundle involvement 7/17
Ross et al[49]	1987	1	1/1	0/1	1/1
Bowdler et al[50]	1987	1	1/1	0/1	1/1
Siersema et al[51]	1989	3	3/3	0/3	3/3	SA, AV node, His bundle involvement 3/3
Bell et al[52]	1990	8	8/8	0/8	8/8	SA and AV node involvement 2/3
Webb et al[53]	1990	1	1/1	0/1	1/1
Eagle et al[54]	1994	1	1/1	0/1	1/1
James et al[15]	1997	6	6/6	0/6	6/6	SA, AV nodes and His bundle involvement 6/6
Podolsky et al[55]	1999	1	1/1	0/1	1/1	AV node involvement 1/1
Wajima et al[56]	2000	1	1/1	0/1	1/1
Hosler et al[57]	2003	25	25/25	n/r	n/r
Lapp et al[23]	2004	1	1/1	0/1	1/1
Brandenburg et al[58]	2004	1	1/1	0/1	1/1
Gami et al[59]	2005	3	3/3	n/r	n/r
Ibernon et al[60]	2005	1	0/1	1/1	1/1
Arnold et al[61]	2006	1	1/1	0/1	1/1
Patschan et al[10]	2006	4	4/4	0/4	2/4
Sarode et al[62]	2009	1	1/1	n/r	n/r
George et al[63]	2012	1	1/1	n/r	n/r
Nichols et al[7]	2015	18	9/18	0/18	7/18
Summary		104	94/104 (90.4%)	2/74 (2.7%)	56/73 (76.7%)

AV: Atrioventricular; SA: Sinoatrial.