High levels of homocysteine downregulate apolipoprotein E expression via nuclear factor kappa B

Figure 6 Nuclear factor kappa B p65 subunit is recruited to apolipoprotein E promoter following homocysteine treatment. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments were performed in HEK-293 cells treated with 500 μmol/L Hcy or Cys. Treatment with Hcy induced the recruitment of NF-κB p65 subunit to apoE promoter (lane p65 Hcy), while no binding of p65 proteins was observed on the apoE promoter following Cys treatment or in untreated cells (lanes p65 Cys and Ctr, respectively). PCR using the input as template and primers for the apoE promoter resulted in the expected bands (lanes Input Ctr, Cys and Hcy, respectively). NF-κB: Nuclear factor kappa B; ApoE: Apolipoprotein E; Hcy: Homocysteine; Cys: Cysteine.