Longevity of animals under reactive oxygen species stress and disease susceptibility due to global warming

Table 1 Oxidative stress and redox status in natural population of various animals under high habitat temperature

Name of the animal	Modulator	Tissue/organ/cell fractions	ROS	OS	AOE	Ref.
Mytilus spp. (bivalve) and Macoma balthica (bivalve)	High temperature in summer	Whole animal	NA	NA	NA	[129]
Anodonta anatina freshwater duck mussel	High temperature in summer	Whole animal	NA	NA	NA	[130]
Perna viridis (green-lipped mussel)	Low temperature Winter	Digestive gland	H2O2↓	TBARS↓	SOD↓, GPx	[131]
-do-	-do-	Gills	H2O2↓	TBARS↓	SOD↓, GPx	[131]
-do-	-do-	Mantle	NA	TBARS↓	SOD↓, CAT↓	[131]
Crassostrea rhizophorae (mangrove oyster)	High temperature in summer	Gill	NA	Lipdperoxide	CAT	[132]
Viviparus acerosus (river snail)	High temperature in summer	Whole body	NA	NA	SOD, CAT↓, GPx↓	[133]
Ancylus Fluviatilis (lipmet)	High temperature in summer	Whole body	NA	NA	NA	[134]
Nacella (Patinigera) magellanica (limpet)	High temperature in summer	Whole body (for O2 consumption), Digestive gland (biochemical studies)	NA	NA	SOD↓, CAT↑, GPx↑	[135]
Gammarus roeseli (freshwater gammarid crustacean)	High temperature in summer	Tissue pool	NA	MDA↑	CAT, GPx↑	[136]
Scylla serrata (mud crab)	High temperature in summer with high salinity	Hepatopancreas	H2O2↑	TBAR↑, PC↑	SOD↓, CAT↑, GPx↓	[34]
-do-	-do-	Muscle	H2O2↑	TBARS↑, PC↑	SOD↓, CAT↑, GPx↓	[34]
-do-	-do-	Gill	H2O2↑	TBARS↑, PC↑	SOD↓, CAT↑, GPx↓	[34]
Geophagus brasiliensis (cichlid fish acará)	Comparatively high temperature in spring	Liver	NA	TBARS↑, GSSG↑	SOD↓,	[137]
					CAT
Gasterosteus aculeatus L. (three-spined stickleback fish)	High temperature in summer with reproductive activity	Liver	NA	TBARS↑	GPx↓	[138]
Lepomis macrochirus (bluegill fish)	High	Whole animal	NA	NA	NA	[139]
	temperature in summer
Solea senegalensis (Senegal sole fish)	High temperature with heavy metal load	Liver	NA	TBARS↑	CAT↓, GPx↓	[140]
Barbus barbus L. (barbell fish)	High temperature in summer	Liver	NA	NA	SOD↓, CAT↑	[141]
-do-	-do-	Muscle	NA	NA	SOD↓, CAT↑	[141]
Trachemys scripta elegans (red-eared sliders Turtle)	High temperature in summer	Whole animal	NA	NA	NA	[142]
Caiman yacare (crocodile)	High temperature in summer	Liver, Kidney, Lung	NA	GSSG↑	NA	[143]
Tupinambis merianae (tegu lizard)	Low temperature in winter	Whole animal	NA	NA	NA	[116]
Rana ridibunda (frog)	High temperature in summer	Liver	NA	TBARS↑, PC↓	SOD↑, CAT↓	[144]
Acrocephalus sechellensis (seychelles warbler bird)	Low food availability	Blood	NA	hydroperoxides↑	NA	[145]
Perdicula asiatica (bird)	High temperature in summer	Lungs	NA	MDA↑	SOD↓, CAT↓	[146]
Hirundo rustica L. (Barn Swallow) bird	Summer with higher temperature	Liver	NA	Lipid hydroperoxide, GSSG↑	SOD, CAT↓, GPx	[147]
Hirundo rustica L. (Barn Swallow) bird	Pre egg laying time verses post egg laying time	Blood plasma	NA	MDA↑, PC↓	NA	[148]
Halichoerus grypus (Grey seal)	Summer (No variation in temp)	Whole animal	NA	NA	NA	[149]
Ovis aries (Rasa Aragonesa rams)	Breeding season with high temperature	Semen	NA	NA	SOD↑, CAT↑, GPx	[150]
Bos Taurus (simmental bulls)	High temperature in summer	Semen	NA	TBARS↑, PC↑	GPx↑ (highest in autumn)	[151]
(Kuroge washu) Japanese Black cow	High temperature in summer	Blood	NA	TBARS↑	SOD↓, GPx↓	[152]
-do-	Short photoperiod exposure in winter	-do-	NA	TBARS↑	NA	[152]
Rattus norvegicus (Wistar rats)	High temperature in summer	Erythrocytes	NA	TBARS↑	SOD↓, GPx↓	[153]
Guinea-pigs	High temperature in summer	Heart	O2-↑	NA	SOD↓	[154]
Rattus norvegicus (Wistar rats)	High temperature in summer	Heart	O2-↑		SOD↓	[154]
Homo sapiens	High temperature in summer	--	NA	8-isoprostane↑	SOD↓	[154]

ROS: Reactive oxygen species; OS: Oxidative stress; MDA: Malondehyde; TBARS: Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; PC: Protein carbonylation; AOE: Antioxidant enzymes; SOD: Superoxide dismutase; CAT: Catalase; GPx: Glutathione peroxidase; GSSG: Oxidised glutathione; NA: Not analysed. ↓ or ↑ symbols are used to indicate decrease or increase of the parameters with the corresponding season, respectively. Parameter with no symbol (↓ or ↑) indicates “no change” in the same with respect to the season.