Mechanisms of autophagy and apoptosis: Recent developments in breast cancer cells

Figure 3 Model of regulation of autophagy and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Different molecules described to act as a link between apoptosis and autophagy are shown (see text for details). Ellipses indicate classical regulators of apoptosis. Moreover, organelles, such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes, appear to be involved in this regulation. Arrow-headed lines and bar-headed lines indicate activation and inhibition, respectively, of their corresponding targets.