Systemic inflammation and immune response after laparotomy vs laparoscopy in patients with acute cholecystitis, complicated by peritonitis

Table 1 Demographics and clinical characteristics of patients and type of operation performed

Parameter	Open chol-ecystectomyn = 22	LaparoscopiccholecystectomYn = 231	P value
Age (yr)	58.3 (36-84)	56.9 (32-83)	NS
Sex (F/M)	14/8	13/10	NS
ASA grade
I	3	3	NS
II	12	13	NS
III	5	6	NS
IV	2	1	NS
APACHE
score < 15	12	13	NS
score > 15	10	10	NS
MPI
score < 20	13	14	NS
score > 20	10	9	NS
Anaesthesia (min)	51.6 (46-72)	61.8 (51-81)	0.01
Operative time (min)	46.7 (40-62)	51.2 (42-64)	NS
Post-operative complications2	4 (18.1%)	1 (4.3%)	0.01
Mortality	5 (22.7%)	1 (4.3%)	0.02
Post-operative hospitalization (d)	10.2 (6-18)	5.4 (2-13)	0.02
Adjusted length of stay (d)	6.8 (6-9)	4.6 (2-6)	0.004

¹Three patients (8.1%) were converted to open surgery;

²Intra-abdominal abscess. NS: No significant; F: Female; M: Male; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; APACHE: Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation; MPI: Message passing interface.