Arguments for an individualized closure of the pancreatic remnant after distal pancreatic resection

Table 2 Factors influencing postoperative pancreatic fistula rate in different risk groups n (%)

Technique	Low-risk pancreas1			High-risk pancreas2
	POPF	CC	P value	POPF	CC	P value
Hand suture	8/26 (30.8)	0.296	0.009	9/21 (42.9)	0.122	0.400
PJ	4/36 (11.1)	-0.122	0.295	5/16 (31.3)	-0.068	0.639
Stapler	0/11 (0)	-0.178	0.124	2/7 (28.6)	-0.062	0.667
SM patch	0/3 (0)	-0.088	0.451	2/6 (33.3)	-0.021	0.888
Risk factor
BMI (kg/m2)	24 (17-30) vs 23 (16-32)3	0.178	0.125	29 (21-41) vs 25 (17-34)3	0.349	0.013

CC: Correlation coefficient; POPF: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (Grade B or C of the International Study Group for Pancreatic Surgery definition); BMI: Body mass index, high-risk pancreas defined as pathology with odds ratio > 1 (see Table 1); PJ: Pancreatojejunostomy; SM: Patch seromuscular patch.

¹POPF rate: 12/76 (15.8%);

²POPF rate: 18/50 (36.0%);

³Median (range) in POPF vs no POPF. The analyses were carried out for each risk group separately. P value given for correlation with occurrence of POPF (two-sided Spearman rank test).