Perioperative risk factors for prognosis in patients undergoing radical esophagectomy: A retrospective study

Table 2 Univariate Cox analysis of surgery-related factors for overall survival, n (%)

Surgery-related factors	n = 378	Hazard ratio	95%CI	P value
Type of anesthesia
General anesthesia	203 (53.70)	1.00	Reference	-
Epidural anesthesia	175 (46.30)	0.92	0.71-1.19	0.52
Surgical methods
Open surgery	245 (64.81)	1.00	Reference	-
Minimally invasive surgery	133 (35.19)	0.78	0.60-1.02	0.07
Location of anastomotic site
Cervical	228 (60.32)	1.00	Reference	-
Thoracic	150 (39.68)	1.25	0.97-1.62	0.09
Operative time, minutes, mean ± SD	266.01 ± 83.13	1.00	0.99-1.01	0.05
Duration of analgesic use
≤ 5 days	149 (39.42)	1.00	Reference	-
> 5 days	229 (60.58)	1.62	1.24-2.12	< 0.001
Postoperative radiotherapy or chemotherapy
No	198 (52.38)	1.00	Reference	-
Yes	180 (47.62)	1.45	1.12-1.88	0.01
Postoperative pneumonia
No	265 (70.11)	1.00	Reference	-
Yes	113 (29.89)	1.58	1.21-2.06	0.001
Postoperative pleural effusion
No	284 (75.13)	1.00	Reference	-
Yes	94 (24.87)	1.42	1.07-1.88	0.02

CI: Confidence interval.