Multimodal diagnostic and surgical approach to spontaneous esophageal rupture induced by severe coughing: A case report

Table 1 Literature review on spontaneous esophageal rupture: Focus on cough-induced cases and their clinical outcomes

Journal	Ref.	PMID	Year	Case presentation	Diagnosis	Treatment	Outcome
Case Rep Emerg Med	Aga et al[14]	26949552	2016	Esophageal rupture after swallowing a chicken nugget	CT scan	IV fluids, antibiotics, esophageal stent, VATS drainage	Unspecified
Nagoya J Med Sci	Sakatoku et al[15]	31849387	2019	Thoracic empyema after spontaneous esophageal rupture, recurrent episodes	CT, Endoscopy	Conservative therapy, subtotal esophagectomy	Resolved, no recurrence
Radiol Case Rep	Rajic and Schandl[19]	35345564	2022	Pneumomediastinum after masturbation, not directly related to esophageal rupture but relevant for differential diagnosis	Clinical observation	Not applicable	Not applicable
Am J Otolaryngol	Stevens et al[20]	20015755	2010	Tracheal rupture by vomiting, highlights diagnostic considerations similar to esophageal rupture	CT scan	Conservative management	Resolved
Cureus	Canelas Mendes et al[16]	37905259	2023	Geriatric presentation of Boerhaave’s syndrome	Chest X-ray, CT angiography	Thoracic drainage, antibiotics, esophageal prosthesis	Discharged after 48 days
J Am Coll Surg	Bakhos et al[18]	25053221	2014	Spontaneous pneumomediastinum analysis, discussing management strategies	Retrospective review	Conservative management	Excellent prognosis, low recurrence risk

CT: Computed tomography; VATS: Video-assisted thoracic surgery.