Predictive value of serum calcium ion level in patients with colorectal cancer: A retrospective cohort study

doi:10.4240/wjgs.v17.i3.102638

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Mar 27, 2025 (publication date) through Feb 24, 2025

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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1948-9366

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

World J Gastrointest Surg. Mar 27, 2025; 17(3): 102638
Published online Mar 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i3.102638

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses of clinicopathological data in patients with colorectal cancer

Characteristics	Univariate analysis, HR (95%CI)	P value	Multivariate analysis, HR (95%CI)	P value
Ethnic group		0.610	-	-
Han ethnic group
Others	0.840 (0.429-1.643)
Sex		0.021^a		0.031^a
Female
Male	1.848 (1.097-3.115)		1.796 (1.056-3.054)
Age (years)		0.622	-	-
< 65
≥ 65	1.134 (0.688-1.867)
BMI (kg/m²)		0.448	-	-
< 23.5
≥ 23.5	0.830 (0.513-1.343)
Tumor location		0.387	-	-
Right half of colon
Left half of colon	1.330 (0.697-2.535)
Degree of differentiation		< 0.001^a		0.047^a
High differentiation
Moderately differentiated	3.250 (0.788-13.399)	0.103	2.056 (0.483-8.753)	0.330
Poorly differentiated	8.192 (1.920-34.960)	0.004^a	3.717 (0.845-16.348)	0.082
T stage		< 0.001^a		0.019^a
T1-2
T3	3.272 (1.290-8.303)	0.013^a	1.447 (0.518-4.037)	0.481
T4	5.820 (2.220-15.261)	< 0.001^a	2.874 (1.034-7.985)	0.043^a
N stage		< 0.001^a		< 0.001^a
0
N1	2.063 (1.150-3.702)	0.015^a	1.321 (0.696-2.509)	0.394
N2	4.575 (2.564-8.164)	< 0.001^a	3.407 (1.763-6.586)	< 0.001^a
Neurovascular invasion		< 0.001^a		0.037^a
No
Yes	2.576 (1.588-4.178)		1.820 (1.036-3.196)
MSI		0.234
MSS
MSI-H	0.495 (0.156-1.575)
CEA (ng/mL)		< 0.001^a		0.039^a
< 5
≥ 5	2.398 (1.489-3.863)		1.709 (1.027-2.845)
CA19-9 (U/mL)		0.148
< 39
≥ 39	1.611 (0.844-3.073)
Hb (g/L)		0.389
< 120
≥ 120	0.800 (0.481-1.330)
PLT (10⁹/L)		0.284
< 330
≥ 330	1.358 (0.776-2.379)
Alb (g/L)		0.636
< 40
≥ 40	0.890 (0.549-1.443)
Ca²⁺-baseline		0.042^a		0.011^a
< 2.11
≥ 2.11	3.326 (1.045-10.584)		4.762 (1.426-15.905)
Ca²⁺-first postoperative day		< 0.001^a		0.006^a
High
Low	2.234 (1.387-3.597)		2.315 (1.276-4.199)
δCa²⁺		0.010^a		0.506
Low
High	1.876 (1.166-3.020)		0.820 (0.458-1.471)

^aP < 0.05.

δCa²⁺: Delta serum calcium; Alb: Albumin; BMI: Body mass index; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; Ca²⁺-first postoperative day: Serum calcium ion level on the first day of postoperative period; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CI: Confidence interval; Hb: Hemoglobin; HR: Hazard ratio; MSI: Microsatellite; PLT: Platelet.

Citation: Shu Y, Li KJ, Sulayman S, Zhang ZY, Ababaike S, Wang K, Zeng XY, Chen Y, Zhao ZL. Predictive value of serum calcium ion level in patients with colorectal cancer: A retrospective cohort study. World J Gastrointest Surg 2025; 17(3): 102638
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v17/i3/102638.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v17.i3.102638