Retrospective analysis of delta hemoglobin and bleeding-related risk factors in pancreaticoduodenectomy

Table 1 Comparison of the general patient characteristics among the three groups, n (%)

Characteristic	OPD (n = 511)	LPD (n = 982)	CTOPD (n = 229)	P value
Sex
Male	312 (61.1)	616 (62.7)	155 (67.7)	0.223
Female	199 (38.9)	366 (37.3)	74 (32.3)	-
Age (years), interquartile range	61 (54.0-67.0)	61 (53.0-67.0)	61 (52.0-69.0)	0.992
BMI (kg/m2), interquartile range	23.83 (21.48-26.03)	23.69 (21.77-25.95)	23.68 (21.62-26.22)	0.997
History of abdominal surgery
Yes	83 (16.2)	135 (13.7)	33 (14.4)	0.430
No	428 (83.8)	847 (86.3)	296 (85.6)	-
History of diabetes
Yes	98 (19.2)	166 (16.9)	38 (16.6)	0.506
No	413 (80.8)	816 (83.1)	191 (83.4)	-
Preoperative alkaline phosphatase (U/L), interquartile range	301.0 (126.0-516.0)	283.5 (119.75-510.25)	246.0 (97.0-459.5)	0.079
Preoperative glutamyl transpeptidase (U/L), interquartile range	336.0 (84.0-801.0)	372.0 (78.5-806.5)	267.0 (45.0-716.0)	0.132
Preoperative Hb (g/L), interquartile range	127.0 (115.0-138.0)	126.0 (114.0-136.0)	125.0 (114.0-139.0)	0.696
Preoperative albumin (g/L), interquartile range	38.7 (35.4-41.7)	38.5 (35.5-41,4)	38.2 (34.8-41.2)	0.482
ASA classification
I	2 (0.4)	3 (0.3)	0 (0)	0.905
II	358 (70.1)	701 (71.4)	160 (69.9)	-
III	147 (28.8)	274 (27.9)	68 (29.7)	-
IV	4 (0.8)	4 (0.4)	1 (0.4)	-
Preoperative total bilirubin (μmol/L), interquartile range	82.57 (17.65-197.68)	73.25 (17.97-204.36)	60.07 (14.91-204.55)	0.441

OPD: Open pancreaticoduodenectomy; LPD: Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy; CTOPD: Conversion to open pancreaticoduodenectomy; BMI: Body mass index; Hb: Hemoglobin; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists.