Effect of forearm and posterior wall anastomosis on gastroesophageal reflux in proximal gastrectomy patients

Table 1 Pre- and post-treatment gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire scores and reflux symptom scores in observation and control groups, mean ± SD

Measurement	Observation group	Control group	t value	P value
GerdQ score pre-treatment	14.66 ± 1.66	14.62 ± 1.71	0.08	0.95
GerdQ score post-treatment	7.32 ± 1.101	10.35 ± 1.371	7.191	< 0.001
Reflux symptom pre-treatment	3.27 ± 1.17	3.24 ± 1.10	0.09	0.94
Reflux symptom post-treatment	1.13 ± 0.641	1.97 ± 0.901	3.168	0.002
Regurgitation pre-treatment	1.97 ± 0.88	1.96 ± 0.84	0.04	0.98
Regurgitation post-treatment	0.93 ± 0.221	1.42 ± 0.471	3.971	< 0.001
Retrosternal pain pre-treatment	1.64 ± 0.58	1.65 ± 0.59	0.06	0.96
Retrosternal pain post-treatment	0.63 ± 0.251	1.18 ± 0.341	5.446	< 0.001
Belching pre-treatment	2.17 ± 0.64	2.20 ± 0.59	0.16	0.88
Belching post-treatment	0.66 ± 0.251	1.40 ± 0.331	8.273	< 0.001

¹Comparisons within the same group pre- and post-treatment are marked with an asterisk, indicating a statistically significant difference with a P value less than 0.05.

GerdQ: Gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire.