Application of DynaCT biliary soft tissue reconstruction technology in diagnosis and treatment of hepatolithiasis

Figure 4 DynaCT-guided surgical procedure. A: The digital reconstruction model of DynaCT three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction can realistically reproduce the sub-segments of the bile duct by measurements and 3D visualisation of the rotation, depicting the location and extent of the stricture; B: T-tube angiography image of the same patient with visible contrast agent; C: DynaCT soft tissue reconstruction image of the biliary tract and intraoperative ultrasound-guided biliary puncture; D: Biliary puncture; E: Biliary puncture with 18G needle and 0.035 inch hydrophilic guidewire; F: Fistula dilation with fascial dilators from 8 Fr to 14 Fr sequentially; G: Stone fragmentation and clearance with A 12 Fr rigid nephroscope; H: Choledochoscopic removal of stones.