Association of preoperative antiviral treatment with incidences of post-hepatectomy liver failure in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 Basic characteristics in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma patients (antiviral treatment and non-antiviral treatment group), n (%)

Variable	Overall (1301)	Non-AVT group (HBV DNA cutoff value: 269 IU/mL)					AVT group	P value2
		Total (941)	Low viral level (336)	High viral level (605)	P value1	Total (360)
Male	1114 (85.6)	808 (85.9)	290 (86.3)	518 (85.6)	0.845	306 (85.0)		0.757
Age (year) median (IQR)	54 (48-61)	54 (47-61)	55 (48-62)	53 (46-60)	0.09	55.50 (50.00, 62.00)		0.001
Hypertension	327 (25.1)	224 (23.8)	90 (26.7)	12234 (22.1)	0.11	103 (28.6)		0.086
Diabetes	271 (20.8)	185 (19.7)	73 (21.7)	112 (18.5)	0.235	86 (23.9)		0.109
BMI mean ± SD, kg/m2	4.62 ± 3.18	24.65 ± 3.23	24.82 ± 3.14	24.56 ± 3.28	0.248	24.55 ± 3.04		0.593
WBC count median (IQR), 109/L	5.47 (4.41-6.60)	5.52 (4.51-6.72)	5.59 (4.59-6.80)	5.49 (4.45-6.72)	0.368	5.34 (4.21-6.30)		0.004
Hemoglobin median (IQR), g/L	144.00 (134.00-154.00)	143.00 (134.00-153.00)	144.00 (134.00-153.75)	143.00 (134.00-153.50)	0.523	145.00 (136.00-155.00)		0.119
PLT median (IQR), 109/L	158.00 (125.00-200.00)	161.00 (128.00-205.00)	164.00 (130.00-204.00)	161.00 (124.00-205.00)	0.549	151.00 (121.75-188.00)		0.003
ALT median (IQR), U/L	29.70 (20.20-42.80)	32.10 (22.10-45.70)	24.15 (17.70-35.15)	376.20 (26.55-52.20)	< 0.001	23.45 (17.08-34.40)		< 0.001
AST median (IQR), U/L	26.80 (20.20-37.80)	28.50 (21.60-39.90)	23.25 (18.83-31.20)	32.30 (24.10-45.25)	< 0.001	22.00 (17.80-29.02)		< 0.001
γ-GT median (IQR), U/L	48.75 (29.10-91.12)	55.50 (32.40-104.30)	44.70 (25.05-84.21)	64.10 (37.40-116.40)	< 0.001	35.30 (23.60-62.40)		< 0.001
Alb mean ± SD, g/L	40.43 ± 3.84	40.18 ± 3.90	41.50 ± 3.70	39.45 ± 3.83	< 0.001	41.09 ± 3.61		< 0.001
ALP median (IQR), U/L	75.40 (61.30-94.20)	76.70 (63.00-95.90)	72.45 (58.10-89.63)	79.40 (65.80-99.95)	< 0.001	71.90 (58.85-87.47)		< 0.001
TBil median (IQR), μmol/L	12.80 (9.90-16.50)	12.80 (9.90-16.50)	12.50 (9.70-15.90)	13.00 (10.10-17.00)	0.114	12.95 (9.80-16.75)		0.817
BUN median (IQR), mmol/L	5.13 (4.24-5.97)	5.09 (4.19-5.93)	5.25 (4.36-6.12)	4.90 (4.10-5.87)	0.001	5.20 (4.30-6.00)		0.124
Cr median (IQR), μmol/L	74.30 (65.30-83.10)	74.10 (64.50-82.50)	75.45 (65.80-84.28)	73.40 (64.00-81.70)	0.042	74.75 (66.50-84.55)		0.08
FIB median (IQR), g/L	4.88 (4.53-5.42)	4.87 (4.53-5.42)	5.01 (4.64-5.60)	4.82 (4.45-5.29)	< 0.001	4.89 (4.54-5.44)		0.435
PT median (IQR), second	13.70 (13.20-14.30)	13.70 (13.20-14.30)	13.60 (13.00-14.10)	13.80 (13.20-14.40)	0.001	13.70 (13.20-14.30)		0.635
INR median (IQR)	1.06 (1.02-1.12)	1.06 (1.02-1.12)	1.05 (1.00-1.11)	1.07 (1.03-1.13)	< 0.001	1.06 (1.01-1.11)		0.465
AFP > 400 ng/mL	389 (29.9)	312 (33.2)	84 (25.0)	228 (37.6)	< 0.001	77 (21.4)		< 0.001
HBeAg positivity	350 (26.9)	243 (25.8)	38 (11.3)	205 (33.8)	< 0.001	107 (29.7)		0.177
Cirrhosis	585 (45.0)	413 (43.9)	138 (41.0)	275 (45.4)	0.194	172 (47.8)		0.231
Tumor number > 1	260 (20.0)	195 (20.7)	63 (18.7)	132 (21.8)	0.266	65 (18.1)		0.318
Tumor size median (IQR), mm	48.00 (30.00-75.00)	52.00 (33.00-81.00)	45.00 (29.00-72.75)	57.00 (36.00-84.00)	< 0.001	39.00 (25.00-58.25)		< 0.001
Type of operation					0.013			< 0.001
Open surgery	747 (57.4)	581 (61.7)	187 (55.6)	394 (65.1)		166 (46.1)
Non-open surgery	554 (42.6)	360 (38.3)	149 (44.4)	211 (34.9)		97 (26.9)
Major hepatectomy (≥ 3 segmentations)	280 (21.5)	222 (23.6)	64 (19.0)	158 (26.1)	0.014	58 (16.1)		0.004
Blood loss > 400 mL	312 (24.0)	250 (26.6)	79 (23.5)	171 (28.2)	0.114	62 (17.2)		0.001
Transfusion	133 (10.2)	109 (11.6)	31 (9.2)	78 (12.8)	0.92	24 (6.7)		0.012
CSPH	138 (10.6)	91 (9.7)	34 (10.1)	57 (9.4)	0.729	47 (13.1)		0.094
Child-Pugh grade					0.201			0.229
Grade A	1284 (98.7)	926 (98.4)	333 (99.1)	593 (98.0)		358 (99.4)
Grade B	17 (1.3)	15 (1.6)	3 (0.9)	12 (2.0)		2 (0.6)
HBV DNA high level	668 (51.3)	605 (64.2)	0	605 (100%)	< 0.001	63 (17.5)		< 0.001
PHLF	168 (12.9)	139 (14.7)	21 (6.2)	118 (19.5)	< 0.001	29 (8.0%)		0.001
ALBI median (IQR)	-2.71 (-2.91 to -2.51)	-2.69 (-2.90 to -2.48)	-2.82 (-3.02 to -2.61)	-2.63 (-2.83 to -2.41)	< 0.001	-2.77 (-2.93 to -2.56)		0.001
FIB-4 median (IQR)	1.70 (1.21-2.62)	1.72 (1.22-2.65)	1.61 (1.21-2.38)	1.84 (1.23-2.79)	0.006	1.67 (1.20-2.52)		0.68
APRI median (IQR)	0.43 (0.30-0.69)	0.45 (0.31-0.74)	0.37 (0.27-0.55)	0.52 (0.34-0.85)	< 0.001	0.37 (0.27-0.57)		< 0.001

¹P value: Comparison between a low (< 269 IU/mL) and a high (≥ 269 IU/mL) viral level in patients not receiving antiviral treatment (AVT).

²P value: Comparison between patients not receiving AVT and patients receiving AVT.

BMI: Body mass index; WBC: White blood cell; PLT: Platelet count; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; γ-GT: Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; Alb: Albumin; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; TBil: Total bilirubin; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; Cr: Creatinine; FIB: Fibrinogen; PT: Prothrombin time; INR: International normalized ratio; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; HBeAg: Hepatitis B e antigen; CSPH: Clinically significant portal hypertension; ALBI: Albumin-bilirubin score; FIB-4: Fibrosis-4 score; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; PHLF: Post-hepatectomy liver failure; AVT: Antiviral treatment; IQR: Interquartile range.