Spleen volume is associated with overt hepatic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in patients with portal hypertension

Table 2 Comparison of population characteristics stratified by spleen volume

	Spleen volume ≥ 784.2 cm3 (n = 68)	Spleen volume < 784.2 cm3 (n = 67)	P value
Demographic characteristics
Age, yr	61.52 ± 0.42	57.07 ± 23.51	0.3427
Gender, male	43 (31.9)	36 (26.7)	0.2625
BMI	21.87 ± 4.32	23.51 ± 3.49	< 0.05
Etiology			0.3532
Viral	26 (38.2)	25 (37.3)
Alcohol	10 (14.7)	10 (14.9)
Biliary	7 (10.3)	8 (11.9)
AIH	3 (4.4)	2 (3.0)
Others	22 (32.4)	23 (34.3)
Scores
Child-Pugh stage			0.8530
A	17 (25.0)	16 (23.9)
B	36 (53.9)	38 (56.7)
C	15 (22.1)	13 (19.4)
Child-Pugh score	8.07 ± 1.82	7.88 ± 1.82	0.5090
MELD score	13.39 ± 4.36	13.93 ± 5.57	0.5920
OHE during follow-up
OHE grade			< 0.05
0/1	53 (77.9)	40 (59.7)
2	7 (10.3)	11 (16.4)
3	1 (1.5)	9 (13.4)
4	7 (10.3)	7 (10.4)
Laboratory parameters
WBC, 109/L	3.11 ± 2.63	4.18 ± 2.99	< 0.05
PLT, 109/L	60.38 ± 57.97	91.77 ± 67.64	< 0.01
INR	2.63 ± 8.05	1.56 ± 1.49	0.2941
ALT, U/L	29.55 ± 36.85	29.31 ± 51.22	0.9755
AST, U/L	34.09 ± 33.11	49.22 ± 105.00	0.2698
ALB, g/L	37.69 ± 36.24	31.80 ± 5.21	0.2000
TBIL, μmol/L	30.53 ± 17.13	41.71 ± 48.50	0.0845
Urea, mmol/L	5.61 ± 2.94	9.42 ± 15.95	0.0734
CRE, μmol/L	79.27 ± 82.35	78.97 ± 106.40	0.9861

Data are the mean ± SD, n (%), or median (interquartile range). BMI: Body mass index; AIH: Autoimmune hepatitis; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; OHE: Overt hepatic encephalopathy; WBC: White blood cells; PLT: Platelets; INR: International normalized ratio; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALB: Albumin; TBIL: Total bilirubin; CRE: Creatinine.