Spleen volume is associated with overt hepatic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in patients with portal hypertension

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients

Parameter	All patients (n = 135)
Demographic characteristics
Age, yr	57.8 ± 24.4
Gender, male	96 (59.6)
BMI	23.4 ± 9.4
Etiology
Viral (HAV/HBV/HCV)	3/52/9 (1.8/32.2/5.5)
Alcohol	24 (14.9)
Biliary	15 (9.3)
AIH	7 (4.3)
Others	51 (31.7)
Scores
Child-Pugh stage (A/B/C)	39/92/30 (24.2/57.1/18.6)
Child-Pugh score	7.9 ± 1.8
MELD score	13.6 ± 5.0
Imaging parameters
Spleen length, mm	147.3 ± 29.1
Spleen volume, cm3	853.0 ± 486.5
Liver volume, cm3	1125.0 ± 406.1
Liver/spleen volume	2.0 ± 2.8
OHE during follow-up
OHE during follow-up	37 (27.2)
OHE grade (2/3/4)	18/8/11 (13.2/5.9/8.1)
Median months	3
Laboratory parameters
WBC, 109/L	3.8 ± 3.1
PLT, 109/L	78.0 ± 66.0
INR	2.0 ± 5.3
ALT, U/L	29.1 ± 41.1
AST, U/L	41.3 ± 71.7
ALB, g/L	34.3 ± 23.9
TBIL, μmol/L	35.2 ± 34.7
Urea, mmol/L	7.3 ± 10.7
CRE, μmol/L	81.4 ± 104.4

Data are the mean ± SD, n (%), or median (interquartile range). BMI: Body mass index; HAV: Hepatitis A virus; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; AIH: Autoimmune hepatitis; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; OHE: Overt hepatic encephalopathy; WBC: White blood cells; PLT: Platelets; INR: International normalized ratio; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALB: Albumin; TBIL: Total bilirubin; CRE: Creatinine.