Retrospective analysis based on a clinical grading system for patients with hepatic hemangioma: A single center experience

Table 3 Comparison of outcomes during follow-up between the surgical and observation group classified by score ≥ 4 and score < 4, n (%)

	Score < 4 (n = 812)				Score ≥ 4 (n = 359)
	Observation (n = 352)	Surgery (n = 460)	χ2	P value	Observation (n = 77)	Surgery (n = 282)	χ2	P value
No abdominal complaints	308 (87.5)	430 (93.5)	8.60	0.004	34 (44.2)	274 (97.2)	-	< 0.001
Continuous or intensified or new onset of abdominal complaints	44 (12.5)	30 (6.5)			43 (55.8)	8 (2.8)
Postoperative complications	-	54 (11.7)			-	26 (9.2)
Hepatic	-	12 (2.6)			-	11 (3.9)
Extrahepatic	-	42 (9.1)			-	15 (5.3)
Need for intervention	15 (4.3)	8 (1.7)	-	0.052	31 (40.3)	5 (1.8)	-	< 0.001
Operation	1 (0.3)	1 (0.2)			2 (2.6)	2 (0.7)
TAE	5 (1.4)	2 (0.4)			27 (35.1)	3 (1.1)
RFA	9 (2.6)	5 (1.1)			2 (2.6)	0 (0)
Mortality related to hepatic hemangioma	0 (0)	0 (0)			0 (0)	2 (0.7)		-
Total patients with adverse event	48 (13.6)	78 (17.0)	1.68	0.20	45 (58.4)	34 (12.1)	-	< 0.001

More than one type of adverse outcome per patient is possible. TAE: Transcatheter arterial embolization; RFA: Radiofrequency ablation.