How to apply ex-vivo split liver transplantation safely and feasibly: A three-step approach

Figure 2 Step-by-step process involved in splitting the second porta hepatis. A: Elevation of the suprahepatic inferior vena cava followed by blunt dissection of the liver tissue at the junction of the left hepatic vein and the inferior vena cava (arrow) to fully expose the left hepatic vein; B: Separating and dividing the left hepatic vein (arrow) using a vascular occlusion clamp on the inferior vena cava side; C: Formation of the middle hepatic vein and the opening of the inferior vena cava (arrow points to the formed vessel opening); D: Identification of the two openings of the left hepatic vein in the left lateral segment (blue arrow and black arrow); E: Removal of the liver tissue between the two openings of the left hepatic vein (arrow) to form a single opening; F: Display of the formed opening of the left hepatic vein.