Robotic-assisted low anterior resection for rectal cancer shows similar clinical efficacy to laparoscopic surgery: A propensity score matched study

Table 2 Perioperative outcomes, n (%) or median (interquartile range)

	RALAR, n = 111	LALAR, n = 111	P value
Conversion to laparotomy	0	2 (1.8)	0.4982
Approximate intraoperative blood loss (mL)	50 (20-50)	50 (30-50)	0.276
Intraoperative blood transfusion	4 (3.6)	3 (2.7)	1.0001
Distal resection margin			1.0002
Involved	0	1 (0.9)
Harvested lymph nodes	14 (11-16)	13 (11-17)	0.627
Harvested positive lymph nodes	0 (0-1)	0 (0-1)	0.317
Duration of surgery (min)	187 (160-215)	185 (155-230)	0.977
Intraoperative dose of sufentanil (μg/kg/min)	0.0050 (0.0040-0.0062)	0.0048 (0.0040-0.0064)	0.948
Time to first flatus (d)	2(2-2)	3 (3-3)	0.000
Time to first fluid diet (d)	4 (3-4)	5 (4-6)	0.001
Postoperative indwelling catheter time (d)	2 (1-3)	4 (3-5)	0.000
Total cost of hospitalization (dollars)	10777 (10780-11850)	10550 (8766-11715)	0.012
Length of hospital stay after surgery (d)	5 (5-7)	7 (6-8)	0.009
Readmission within 30 d after operation	1 (0.9)	1 (0.9)	1.0001
Reoperation within 30 d after operation	0	1 (0.9)	1.0002

¹McNemar’s test.

²Fisher’s exact test.

RALAR: Robot-assisted low anterior resection; LALAR: Laparoscopic-assisted low anterior resection.