Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the common hepatic duct coexisting with distal cholangiocarcinoma: A case report and review of literature

Table 1 Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile duct, review of the literature

Ref.	Age	Sex	Location	Symptom	Pathology	Size (mm)	Ki-67 index (%)	Treatment	Metastasis	Prognosis
van der Wal et al[7], 1990	55	Male	Bm	Jaundice, abdominal pain	SCNEC + AC	40	NA	SR	NA	12 months, alive
Nishihara et al[8], 1993	64	Male	Bh-Bs	Jaundice, weight loss	SCNEC + AC	19	NA	SR	NA	8 months, alive
Oikawa et al[9], 1998	70	Male	Bh-Bs	Jaundice	NEC	25	NA	SR	Liver	6 months, dead
Yamamoto et al[10], 1998	71	Female	Bh	Jaundice, fever	SCNEC + AC	60	NA	SR	Liver, bone	7 months, dead
Kim et al[11], 2000	64	Male	Bm	Abdominal pain	SCNEC + AC	30	NA	SR	NA	1 months, alive
Kuraoka et al[12], 2003	75	Male	Bi	Jaundice	SCNEC	45	90	SR	LN	5 months, alive
Hazama et al[13], 2003	60	Male	Bi	Jaundice	SCNEC	3	NA	SR	Brain, LN	17 months, dead
Park et al[14], 2004	60	Female	Bs-Bm	Jaundice	SCNEC	30	NA	SR	Brain, LN	17 months, dead
Thomas et al[15], 2005	54	Male	Bh-Bm	Jaundice	SCNEC	NA	NA	SR	Brain	6 months, alive
Kaiho et al[16], 2005	66	Female	Bi	Abdominal pain	SCNEC + AC	35	NA	SR + chemo	Liver	8 months, dead
Viana Miguel et al[17], 2006	76	Male	Bm	Jaundice	SCNEC	NA	NA	SR + chemo + radio	NA	5 months, alive
Jeon et al[18], 2006	65	Male	Bs-Bm	Jaundice	SCNEC	20	NA	SR + chemo	Liver	12 months, dead
Sato et al[19], 2006	68	Male	Bi	Jaundice	LCNEC + AC	20	71.4	SR	Liver	3 months, dead
Nakai et al[20], 2008	32	Male	Bs-Bi	Abdominal pain	SCNEC	NA	NA	NA	Liver, lung	18 d, dead
Hosonuma et al[21], 2008	69	Female	Bh-Bs	Jaundice	SCNEC	30	NA	NA	NA	2 months, dead
Arakura et al[22], 2008	75	Male	Bh-Bm	Jaundice	SCNEC	65	NA	Chemo + radio	Peritoneal, pleural, LN	10 months, dead
Okamura et al[23], 2009	62	Male	Bm	Abdominal, pain, fever	SCNEC	30	NA	SR + chemo + radio	Bone, LN	23 months, dead
Kohashi et al[24], 2009	77	Male	Bi	Jaundice	LCNEC	18	67	SR	Liver, lung, local	3 months, dead
Cho et al[25], 2009	59	Female	Bh	Jaundice, abdominal pain	SCNEC	30	NA	SR	NA	6 months, alive
Demoreuil et al[26], 2009	73	Male	Bs	Jaundice, abdominal pain, weight loss	LCNEC + AC	30	50	SR + chemo	Lung, peritoneal	12 months, dead
Masui et al[27], 2011	82	Male	Bm	Jaundice, anorexia	MANEC	25	35	SR	Liver	6 months, dead
Takahashi et al[28], 2012	28	Female	Bm	Pruritus	NEC	30	89.8	SR	None	36 months, alive
Ninomiya et al[29], 2013	74	Female	Bm	Jaundice	SCNEC	30	NA	SR	NA	14 months, alive
Sasatomi et al[30], 2013	76	Male	Bh	Jaundice	LCNEC	50	75	SR	LN	21 d, dead
Linder et al[31], 2013	82	Male	Bi	Jaundice, abdominal pain, weight loss	MANEC	19	NA	SR	None	6 months, alive
Park et al[32], 2014	75	Female	Bm	Nausea, jaundice	LCNEC	27	NA	SR + chemo	Local	12 months, dead
Lee et al[33], 2014	75	Male	Bs	Jaundice	SCNEC + AC	20	NA	SR	None	11 months, alive
Wysocki et al[34], 2014	65	Male	Bm	Jaundice, vomit, weight loss	LCNEC + AC	36	80	SR	NA	5 months, dead
Aigner et al[35], 2015	61	Male	Bm	Abdominal pain, jaundice, nausea, pruritus	SCNEC	27	90	SR + chemo	Liver, LN, bone	3 months, alive
Kihara et al[36], 2015	70	Female	Bh	Jaundice	SCNEC	30	70	SR + chemo	None	10 months, alive
Nakamaru et al[37], 2015	75	Male	Bh-Bm	Jaundice	SCNEC	40	NA	SR + chemo	NA	16 months, alive
Oshiro et al[38], 2016	72	Male	Bs	Jaundice	LCNEC	30	56.2	SR + chemo	Liver	7 months, alive
Katada et al[39], 2016	78	Male	Bh	Jaundice	SCNEC	30	NA	SR + chemo	NA	5 months, alive
Murakami et al[40], 2016	80	Male	Bm	Jaundice, anorexia	LCNEC + AC	24	72	SR	Liver, lung, peritoneal	3 months, dead
Priyanka Akhilesh et al[41], 2016	76	Male	Bh	Jaundice, weight loss	MANEC	14	90	SR	NA	NA
Izumo et al[42], 2017	66	Male	Bi	Jaundice, anorexia, fatigue	LCNEC + AC	10	30	SR	None	30 months, alive
Komo et al[43], 2017	82	Male	Bi	Liver dysfunction	MANEC	18	37	SR	None	7 months, alive
Park and Jeon[44], 2018	59	Male	Bh	Jaundice	LCNEC	62	20	SR + chemo	None	10 months, alive
Zhang et al[45], 2018	62	Male	Bh	Jaundice	SCNEC	20	80	SR	Liver	6 months, dead
Koo et al[46], 2019	77	Female	Bh	Jaundice, abdominal pain	LCNEC	10	60	Radio	Liver	1.5 months, alive
Zhang et al[47], 2019	60	Male	Bh-Bs	Abdominal pain	LCNEC + AC	17	70	SR	NA	NA
Zhang et al[48], 2019	64	Female	Bi	Jaundice, abdominal pain	MANEC	45	50	SR	Liver, lung	12 months, dead
Kamiya et al[49], 2020	84	Male	Bm	Jaundice, abdominal pain	MANEC	25	80	SR	Liver	3 months, dead
Kiya et al[50], 2021	29	Female	Bm	Abdominal pain	LCNEC	50	90	SR + chemo	NA	16 months, alive
Sugita et al[51], 2022	62	Female	Bi	Jaundice	SCNEC + AC	19	80	SR	NA	4 months, alive
Han et al[52], 2023	84	Female	Bs	Abdominal pain	SCNEC	17	85	NA	NA	NA
Jevdokimov et al[1], 2023	42	Female	Bs	Jaundice	NEC	30	75	SR + chemo	NA	4 months, alive
This study	62	Female	Bh	Abdominal pain	LCNEC	5	50	SR	Liver, LN, bone	24 months, dead

AC: Adenocarcinoma; NEC: Neuroendocrine carcinoma; SCNEC: Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma; LCNEC: Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma; MANEC: Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma; SR: Surgical resection; Chemo: Chemotherapy; Radio: Radiotherapy; Bh: Hilar bile duct; Bs: Superior portion of common bile duct; Bm: Mid-portion of common bile duct; Bi: Inferior portion of common bile duct; LN: lymph node(s); NA: not available.