Prognostic factors associated with gastrointestinal dysfunction after gastrointestinal tumor surgery: A meta-analysis

Table 2 Meta-analysis of factors affecting gastrointestinal dysfunction in patients after gastrointestinal surgery

Research factor	Inclusion study	Heterogeneity test		Effect model	Meta-analysis results
		P value	I2 (%)		OR (95%CI)	P value
Body mass index (≥ 25.3 kg/m2)	4 studies[14,20,23,27]	0.59	0	Immobilization	1.06 (1.00-1.12)	0.040
Age	9 studies[9,14,15,20,22,23,25-27]	0.17	40	Immobilization	2.25 (1.76-2.87)	< 0.001
Smoking history	4 studies[4,10,13,21]	0.56	0	Immobilization	1.89 (1.31-2.73)	< 0.001
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	4 studies[10,11,13,15]	0.26	26	Immobilization	1.45 (1.24-1.69)	< 0.001
Enterostomy	4 studies[10,11,13,23]	0.66	0	Immobilization	1.47 (1.26-1.70)	< 0.001
History of abdominal operation	6 studies[8,9,14,19,20,22]	0.45	0	Immobilization	2.90 (1.67-5.03)	< 0.001
Surgical site	7 studies[10,13,14,16,21-23]	0.17	44	Immobilization	1.92 (1.40-2.62)	< 0.001
Operation duration	7 studies[11,14,15,25,27-29]	0.21	36	Immobilization	2.65 (1.92-3.67)	< 0.001
Grade of abdominal adhesion	4 studies[20,22,27,29]	0.33	0	Immobilization	2.52 (1.90-3.56)	< 0.001
Tumor TNM staging	2 studies[14,25]	0.78	0	Immobilization	2.58 (1.84-3.62)	< 0.001
Gender (male)	15 studies[4,10-13,15-18,20,21,23,25,27,28]	< 0.001	81	Random	1.58 (1.25-2.01)	0.002
Mode of operation	9 studies[14-16,21-26]	0.35	87	Random	1.68 (1.08-2.62)	0.020
Postoperative opioid use history	7 studies[9,14,17,20,25-27]	0.13	51	Random	5.35 (3.29-8.71)	< 0.001
Postoperative transfusion	6 studies[11,18,20,22,28,29]	0.09	64	Random	2.92 (0.88-9.73)	< 0.001
Postoperative body temperature	2 studies[17,25]	< 0.001	99	Random	5.72 (0.76-42.96)	0.090
Preoperative low albumin (< 30 g/L)	6 studies[9,13-15,24,29]	< 0.001	96	Random	0.37 (0.08-1.72)	0.210