Preoperative prognostic nutritional index predicts long-term outcomes of patients with ampullary adenocarcinoma after curative pancreatoduodenectomy

Table 1 Comparison of the baseline characteristics of different groups of patients with ampullary adenocarcinoma, n (%)

Characteristic		Total (n = 233)	PNI-low (n = 100)	PNI-high (n = 133)	P value
Gender	Male	133 (57.1)	56 (56.0)	77 (57.9)	0.772
	Female	100 (42.9)	44 (44.0)	56 (41.1)
Age, yr	≤ 60	141 (60.5)	52 (52.0)	89 (66.9)	0.021
	> 60	92 (39.5)	48 (48.0)	44 (33.1)
Tumor size, cm	≤ 2	112 (48.1)	42 (42.0)	70 (52.6)	0.108
	> 2	121 (51.0)	58 (58.0)	63 (47.4)
Tumor differentiation	Poor differentiation	88 (37.8)	43 (43.0)	45 (33.8)	0.063
	Moderate differentiation	96 (41.2)	43 (43.0)	53 (39.8)
	Well differentiation	49 (21.0)	14 (14.0)	35 (26.4)
Lymph nodes resection	< 17	156 (67.0)	64 (41.0)	92 (59.0)	0.406
	≥ 17	77 (33.0)	36 (46.8)	41 (53.2)
Vascular invasion	No	182 (78.1)	74 (74.0)	108 (81.2)	0.188
	Yes	51 (21.9)	26 (26.0)	25 (18.8)
pT	T1	31 (13.3)	13 (13.0)	18 (13.5)	0.8291
	T2	86 (36.9)	34 (34.0)	52 (39.1)
	T3	110 (47.2)	50 (50.0)	60 (45.1)
	T4	6 (2.6)	3 (3.0)	3 (2.3)
pN	N0	162 (69.5)	64 (64.0)	98 (73.7)	0.193
	N1	58 (24.9)	28 (28.0)	30 (22.6)
	N2	13 (5.6)	8 (8.0)	5 (3.7)
TNM stage	I	97 (41.6)	36 (36.0)	61 (45.9)	0.213
	II	65 (27.9)	28 (28.0)	37 (27.8)
	III	71 (30.5)	36 (36.0)	35 (26.3)
Postoperative complication	No	142 (60.9)	40 (40.0)	51 (38.3)	0.798
	Yes	91 (39.1)	60 (60.0)	82 (61.6)
Postoperative adjuvant therapy	No	152 (65.2)	29 (29.0)	34 (25.6)	0.597
	Yes	63 (27.0)	64 (64.0)	88 (74.4)
	Unknow	18 (7.8)
CA199, U/mL	≤ 59.67	107 (45.9)	38 (38.0)	69 (51.9)	0.053
	> 59.67	107 (45.9)	52 (52.0)	55 (48.1)
	Unknow	19 (8.2)
ALT, U/L	≤ 52.0	118 (50.6)	47 (47.0)	71 (53.4)	0.335
	> 52.0	115 (49.4)	53 (53.0)	62 (46.6)
AST, U/L	≤ 55.0	122 (52.4)	44 (44.0)	78 (58.6)	0.027
	> 55.0	111 (47.6)	56 (56.0)	55 (41.4)
TBIL, μmol/L	≤ 51.3	117 (50.2)	42 (42.0)	75 (56.4)	0.030
	> 51.3	116 (49.8)	58 (58.0)	58 (43.6)
Cr, μmol/L	≤ 62.0	115 (49.4)	61 (61.0)	54 (40.6)	0.002
	> 62.0	118 (50.6)	39 (39.0)	79 (59.4)

¹Fisher exact test.

PNI: Prognostic nutritional index; CA199: Carbohydrate antigen 199; ALT: Alanine transaminase; AST: Aspartate transaminase; TBIL: Total bilirubin; Cr: Creatinine.