Robotic vs laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer: A propensity score matching cohort study and meta-analysis

Table 3 Characteristics of trials included in the meta-analysis

Ref.	Country	Study design	Sample	Age	Gender (M/ F)	Outcomes	NOS
Moghadamyeghaneh et al[15], 2015	United States	Retrospective cohort study	R: 872; L: 4737	R: 64; L: 62	R: 556/316; L: 2844/1893	Hospital stay, postoperative complications, mortality	7
Kamali et al[16], 2017	United Kingdom	Retrospective case-control study	R: 11; L: 11	R: 71; L: 57	R: 7/4; L: 9/2	Postoperative complications, mortality, CRM, operating time, hospital stay, lymph nodes harvested, conversion rate	8
Gavrila et al[17], 2021	Romania	Retrospective case-control study	R: 46; L: 63	R: 62; L: 62	R: 34/12; L: 32/31	Postoperative complications, mortality, operating time, blood loss, hospital stay, conversion rate, reoperation rate	8
Kasai et al[11], 2022	Japan	Retrospective cohort study	R: 33; L: 20	R: 74; L: 78	R: 20/13; L: 16/4	Postoperative complications, CRM, operating time, blood loss, hospital stay, conversion rate, lymph nodes harvested	8
Feng et al[10], 2022	China	Randomized controlled trial	R: 174; L: 173	R: 58; L: 60	R: 108/66; L: 113/60	Postoperative complications, mortality, CRM, operating time, blood loss, hospital stay, conversion rate, reoperation rate, lymph nodes harvested	-
Gorgun et al[12], 2022	United States	Retrospective PSM	R: 34; L: 34	R: 66; L: 66	R: 25/9; L: 25/9	Postoperative complications, CRM, operating time, blood loss, hospital stay, conversion rate, reoperation rate, lymph nodes harvested	9
Current study, 2022	China	Retrospective PSM	R: 34; L: 34	R: 34; L: 34	R: 34; L: 34	Lymph nodes harvested, postoperative complications, mortality, CRM, operating time, blood loss, hospital stay, conversion rate, reoperation rate	9

CRM: Circumferential resection margin; F: Female; L: Laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection; M: Male; NOS: Newcastle-Ottawa Scale; PSM: Propensity score matching; R: Robotic abdominoperineal resection.