Inflammatory responses in esophageal mucosa before and after laparoscopic antireflux surgery

Table 3 Cytokine results indicating the homeostatic response

		mean ± SD (pg/mL)	Median	Variance
CCL21	Post-LARS	66.8 ± 75.5	46.5	5442.8
	Pre-LARS	123 ± 142.1	81.4a	19274.4
	HC	48.9 ± 67.7	22.4	4588.6
CCL27	Post-LARS	8.5 ± 5.4b	6.8a	27.5
	Pre-LARS	4.4 ± 4.6	2.1	20.5
	HC	3.5 ± 2.1	3.2	4.5
CCL20	Post-LARS	13.4 ± 17.1a	8	278.8
	Pre-LARS	9.4 ± 12.3	4.7	144.3
	HC	5.5 ± 4.8	3.1	22.8
CCL19	Post-LARS	62.2 ± 33.1a	56.2	1048.1
	Pre-LARS	52.9 ± 77.1	29.5	5620.6
	HC	31.8 ± 23.3	23.4	544.5
CCL23	Post-LARS	14.0 ± 11.6a	10.7	128.5
	Pre-LARS	10.8 ± 10.6	8.9	107.5
	HC	7.8 ± 4.9	7.7	24.1
CCL25	Post-LARS	629.7 ± 104a,b	631.9	10318.7
	Pre-LARS	391.2 ± 170	315	27576.1
	HC	365.7 ± 121	379.7	14629.2
CXCL12	Post-LARS	76.2 ± 71.8	52.8a	4912
	Pre-LARS	83.2 ± 147.1	48.6	20568.1
	HC	40.4 ± 20.2	33.8	408.6
MIF	Post-LARS	167465.0 ± 61928.5a,b	160339	106780256
	Pre-LARS	95257.5 ± 61594.5	63357.2	362142872
	HC	89235.6 ± 51629.5	82917.8	266560193

^aP < 0.05 vs healthy control.

^bP < 0.05 vs pre-laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery.

CCL: CC chemokine ligand; CXCL: C-X-C chemokine ligand; LARS: Laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery; HC: Healthy control; MIF: Migration inhibitory factor.