Feasibility and safety of minimally invasive multivisceral resection for T4b rectal cancer: A 9-year review

Table 4 Subgroup analysis comparing outcomes of patients who had minimally invasive multivisceral resection, n (%)

	Robotic (n = 21)	Laparoscopic (n = 13)	P value
Intra-operative ureteric injury	1 (4.8)	1 (7.7)	0.724
Open conversion	1 (4.8)	3 (23.1)	0.107
Surgical complexity			0.004a
Simple	9 (42.9)	12 (92.3)
Complex	12 (57.1)	1 (7.7)
Short-term complications
Anastomotic leak	1 (4.8)	3 (23.1)	0.107
Intra-abdominal collection	1 (4.8)	3 (23.1)	0.107
Ileus	6 (28.6)	5 (38.5)	0.549
SSI	1 (4.8)	3 (23.1)	0.107
Pneumonia	1 (4.8)	1 (7.7)	0.724
Overall complications	12 (57.1)	8 (61.5)	0.800
Major morbidity	3 (14.3)	2 (15.4)	0.930
Length of stay, d		11.0 (4.0-28.0)	0.807
30-d readmission	5 (23.8)	3 (23.1)	0.961
30-d mortality	0 (0)	0 (0)	N/A
Adjuvant chemotherapy	15 (71.4)	9 (69.2)	0.891
Follow-up, months	24.2 (4.8-100.8)	41.5 (1.1-76.5)	0.158
Overall survival
Median, months	43.2 (43.1-N/A)	40.4 (12.9-53.0)	0.149
1-year	95.0 (69.5-99.3)	92.0 (55.3-98.8)	0.083
3-year	83.1 (56.1-94.3)	58.6 (27.2-80.2)	0.008a
5-year	49.9 (13.1-78.8)	21.0 (3.7-47.9)	0.175
Recurrence-free survival
Median, months	43.2 (19.5-N/A)	12.9 (2.6-53.0)	0.096
1-year	85.0 (60.4-94.9)	60.0 (29.0-81.0)	0.607
3-year	72.9 (46.2-87.8)	34.3 (10.8-59.8)	0.002a
5-year	40.5 (9.3-70.9)	22.9 (4.3-50.1)	0.070

^aP < 0.05. Values in bold indicate statistical significance, where P < 0.05.

All continuous variables were expressed as median (range) unless specified. All categorical variables were expressed as n (%) unless otherwise specified. N/A: Not applicable; SSI: Surgical site infection.