Laparoscopic left hemihepatectomy guided by indocyanine green fluorescence: A cranial-dorsal approach

Figure 2 Standard procedure of the cranial-dorsal strategy for laparoscopic left-hemihepatectomy along the Arantius ligament. (1) Treatment of the left Glissonean pedicle; (2) hepatic mobilization; (3) separation of the lobe through the dissection of the ligament plane; (4) identification of the middle hepatic vein (MHV) and left-hepatic vein; and (5) 180° exposure of the MHV on the hepatic section. MHV: Middle hepatic vein; IVC: Inferior vena cava; LHV: Left-hepatic vein; SL: Spiegelian lobe; S4: Segment 4 of liver.