Long-term survival and risk factors in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A Kaplan-Meier and cox regression study

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the 115 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients

Variables	Group	Death (n = 77)	Survival (n = 38)	χ2/t	P value
Gender, n (%)				1.019	0.313
	Male	63 (81.8)	28 (73.7)
	Females	14 (18.2)	10 (26.3)
Age (year), n (%)				0.059	0.808
	≤ 60	24 (31.2)	11 (28.9)
	> 60	53 (68.8)	27 (71.7)
BMI (kg/m2)		22.09 ± 2.94	20.81 ± 2.68	2.251	0.026
Tumor location, n (%)				5.493	0.064
	Upper segments	14 (18.2)	3 (7.9)
	Middle segments	53 (68.8)	24 (63.2)
	Lower segments	10 (13.0)	11 (28.9)
Degree of differentiation, n (%)				4.540	0.103
	Poorly differentiated	21 (27.3)	6 (15.8)
	Moderately differentiated	54 (70.1)	28 (73.7)
	Well-differentiated	2 (2.6)	4 (10.5)
Perineural invasion, n (%)				1.255	0.263
	No	72 (93.5)	38 (100.0)
	Yes	5 (6.5)	0 (0.0)
Tumor length (mm)		40.18 ± 15.09	39.21 ± 11.49	0.350	0.727
Tumor width (mm)		25.66 ± 11.26	24.82 ± 8.37	0.411	0.682
Retrieved lymph nodes number		14.23 ± 10.05	14.76 ± 7.97	0.284	0.777
Smoking, n (%)				5.216	0.022
	No	60 (77.9)	36 (94.7)
	Yes	17 (22.1)	2 (5.3)
Drinking, n (%)				1.612	0.105
	No	68 (88.3)	37 (97.4)
	Yes	9 (11.7)	1 (2.6)