Outcome and risk factors of ulcer healing after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 1 Study selection and characteristics

Ref.	Country	Total (n)	Study type	Outcomes: Ulcer healing rate		Risk factor
				< 8 weeks (%)	≥ 8weeks (%)
Gong et al[20]	China	196	Prospective cohort	79.59	-	2
Fei et al[21]	China	200	Case control	78.40	-	1,2,3
Huang et al[22]	China	112	Case control	-	-	3,4
Kobayashi et al[18]	Japan	170	Randomized controlled study	17.10	-	2
Lee et al[23]	Korea	192	Retrospective cohort	61.8	80.5	2
		95	Randomized controlled study	42.6	83.3
Lim et al[9]	Korea	1680	Retrospective cohort	-	94.3	2,4,5
Nakamura et al[16]	Korea	109	Randomized controlled study	13.8	84.4	2,3,5
Otsuka et al[24]	Japan	132	Prospective cohort	-	92.1	1,2,3,6
Shimozato et al[25]	Japan	73	Retrospective cohort	-	78.1	2,3,6
Shen et al[26]	China	152	Prospective cohort	69.09	-	2,3,5,6
Shao et al[27]	China	152	Case control	-	78.1	1
Yamasaki et al[28]	Japan	167	Retrospective cohort	24.5	-	2,3

¹Helicobacter pylori infection.

²Ulcer size.

³Lesion site.

⁴Diabetes.

⁵Pathology of lesion.

⁶Duration of operation.

Healing of ulcers was defined as the ulcer scarring stages.