Proposal for a new classification of anorectal abscesses based on clinical characteristics and postoperative recurrence

Table 4 A univariate analysis of risk factors for postoperative recurrence in non-fistula-prone abscess subgroup, n (%)

Variables	Total (n = 383)	Recurrence (n = 90) (23.5%)	Cured (n = 293) (76.5%)	χ2	P value
Gender
Male	346	86 (24.9)	260 (75.1)	3.668	0.055
Female	37	4 (10.8)	33 (89.2)
Age (years)
< 20	5	1 (20.0)	4 (80.0)
20-29	88	22 (25.0)	66 (75.0)
30-39	95	24 (25.3)	71 (74.7)	2.580	0.764
40-49	88	22 (25.0)	66 (75.0)
50-59	87	19 (21.8)	68 (78.2)
> 60	20	2 (10.0)	18 (90.0)
Body mass index (kg/m2)
< 28	312	66 (21.2)	246 (78.8)	5.148	0.023
≥ 28	71	24 (33.8)	47 (66.2)
Time from symptom onset to surgery(days)
< 7	342	66 (19.3)	276 (80.7)	31.356	< 0.001
≥ 7	41	24 (58.5)	17 (41.5)
Smoking status
Smoker	93	24 (25.8)	69 (74.2)	0.364	0.546
Non smoker	290	66 (22.8)	224 (77.2)
Drinking habit
Yes	64	20 (31.3)	44 (68.7)	2.568	0.109
No	319	70 (21.9)	249 (78.1)
Spicy food habit
Yes	116	31 (26.7)	85 (73.3)	0.963	0.326
No	267	59 (22.1)	208 (77.9)
Diabetes mellitus
Yes	46	8 (17.4)	38 (82.6)	1.085	0.298
No	337	82 (24.3)	255 (75.7)
Fever
Yes	78	15 (19.2)	63 (80.8)	0.992	0.319
No	305	75 (24.6)	230 (75.4)
Preoperative antibiotic use
Yes	119	24 (20.2)	95 (79.8)	1.065	0.302
No	264	66 (25.0)	198 (75.0)
Constipation
Yes	31	8 (25.8)	23 (74.2)	0.100	0.752
No	352	82 (23.3)	270 (76.7)
Chronic diarrhea
Yes	58	27 (46.6)	31 (53.4)	20.206	< 0.001
No	325	63 (19.4)	262 (80.6)
Insomnia
Yes	59	15 (25.4)	44 (74.6)	0.144	0.705
No	324	75 (23.1)	249 (76.9)
Anesthesia method of perianal abscess
Local	132	36 (27.3)	96 (72.7)	7.191	0.007
Spinal	107	14 (13.1)	93 (86.9)
Abscess site
Anterior	12	2 (16.7)	10 (83.3)	2.062	0.560
Posterior	189	38 (20.1)	151 (79.9)
Left	71	15 (21.1)	56 (78.9)
Right	92	25 (27.2)	67 (72.8)
Anatomic classification
Perianal	239	50 (20.9)	189 (79.1)	40.211	< 0.001
Intersphincteric	73	5 (6.8)	68 (93.2)
Ischiorectal	52	25 (48.1)	27 (51.9)
Horseshoe	18	10 (55.6)	8 (44.4)
Supralevator	1	0 (0.0)	1 (100.0)
Pus volume (mL)
< 5	253	52 (20.6)	201 (79.4)	3.597	0.058
≥ 5	130	38 (29.2)	92 (70.8)
Pus culture
With results	158	36 (22.8)	122 (77.2)	3.760	0.452
Escherichia coli	99	26 (26.3)	73 (73.7)
Klebsiella pneumoniae	26	5 (19.2)	21 (80.8)
Staphylococcus aureus	17	1 (5.9)	16 (94.1)
Others	16	4 (25.0)	12 (75.0)
No growth	225	54 (24.0)	171 (76.0)