Proposal for a new classification of anorectal abscesses based on clinical characteristics and postoperative recurrence

Table 1 A univariate analysis of risk factors for postoperative recurrence, n (%)

Variables	Total (n = 525)	Recurrence (n = 205) (39%)	Cured (n = 320) (61%)	χ2 value	P value
New classification
Fistula-prone abscess	142	115 (81.0)	27 (19.0)	143.842	< 0.001
Non-fistula-prone abscess	383	90 (23.5)	293 (76.5)
Gender
Male	464	180 (38.8)	284 (61.2)	0.109	0.742
Female	61	25 (41.0)	36 (59.0)
Age (years)
< 20	7	3 (42.9)	4 (57.1)
20-29	112	41 (36.6)	71 (63.4)
30-39	126	51 (40.5)	75 (59.5)	1.808	0.771
40-49	129	55 (42.6)	74 (57.4)
50-59	120	45 (37.5)	75 (62.5)
> 60	31	10 (32.3)	21 (67.7)
Body mass index (kg/m2)
< 28	436	168 (38.5)	268 (61.5)	0.278	0.592
≥ 28	89	37 (41.6)	52 (58.4)
Time from symptom onset to surgery (days)
< 7	404	117 (29.0)	287 (71.0)	74.940	< 0.001
≥ 7	121	88 (72.7)	33 (27.3)
Smoking status
Smoker	121	46 (38.0)	75 (62.0)	0.070	0.791
Non smoker	404	159 (39.4)	245 (60.6)
Drinking habit
Yes	89	39 (43.8)	50 (56.2)	1.026	0.311
No	436	166 (38.1)	270 (61.9)
Spicy food habit
Yes	149	55 (36.9)	94 (63.1)	0.398	0.528
No	376	150 (39.9)	226 (60.1)
Diabetes mellitus
Yes	58	15 (25.9)	43 (74.1)	4.763	0.029
No	467	190 (40.7)	277 (59.3)
Fever
Yes	122	51 (41.8)	71 (58.2)	0.507	0.476
No	403	154 (38.2)	249 (61.8)
Preoperative antibiotic use
Yes	194	99 (51.0)	95 (49.0)	18.565	< 0.001
No	331	106 (32.0)	225 (68.0)
Constipation
Yes	42	16 (38.1)	26 (61.9)	0.017	0.895
No	483	189 (39.1)	294 (60.9)
Chronic diarrhea
Yes	98	61 (62.2)	37 (37.8)	27.242	< 0.001
No	427	144 (33.7)	283 (66.3)
Insomnia
Yes	84	35 (41.7)	49 (58.3)	0.288	0.591
No	441	170 (38.5)	271 (61.5)
Anesthesia method of perianal abscess
Local	181	74 (40.9)	107 (59.1)	8.305	0.004
Spinal	141	36 (25.5)	105 (74.5)
Abscess site
Anterior	14	4 (28.6)	10 (71.4)	0.537	0.911
Posterior	261	95 (36.4)	166 (63.6)
Left	92	32 (34.8)	60 (65.2)
Right	117	44 (37.6)	73 (62.4)
Anatomic classification
Perianal	322	110 (34.2)	212 (65.8)	43.458	< 0.001
Intersphincteric	94	24 (25.5)	70 (74.5)
Ischiorectal	68	41 (60.3)	27 (39.7)
Horseshoe	38	28 (73.7)	10 (26.3)
Supralevator	3	2 (66.7)	1 (33.3)
Pus volume (mL)
< 5	349	131 (37.5)	218 (62.5)	1.001	0.317
≥ 5	176	74 (42.0)	102 (58.0)
Pus culture
With results	230	99 (43.0)	131 (57.0)	17.214	0.002
Escherichia coli	154	76 (49.4)	78 (50.6)
Klebsiella pneumoniae	37	14 (37.8)	23 (62.2)
Staphylococcus aureus	19	1 (5.3)	18 (94.7)
Others	20	8 (40.0)	12 (60.0)
No growth	295	106 (35.9)	189 (64.1)