Postoperative serum tumor markers-based nomogram predicting early recurrence for patients undergoing radical resections of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Table 1 Clinicopathological characteristics of patients, n (%)

Characteristics	Total cohort (n = 282)	ER (n = 169)	DR (n = 113)	P value
Age (years)	61.87 ± 8.333	61.91 ± 8.051	61.81 ± 8.775	0.928
Gender (male)	154 (54.6)	92 (54.4)	62 (54.9)	0.943
Smoking	40 (14.2)	19 (11.2)	21 (18.6)	0.083
Drinking	23 (8.2)	12 (7.1)	11 (9.7)	0.415
DM	108 (38.3)	65 (38.5)	43 (38.1)	0.945
Jaundice	74 (26.2)	47 (27.8)	27 (23.9)	0.464
Operation types (PD/TP)1	236 (83.7)	147 (87.0)	89 (78.8)	0.067
Tumor sites2	251 (89.0)	152 (89.9)	99 (87.6)	0.540
Tumor size (cm)	3.739 ± 1.482	3.898 ± 1.486	3.501 ± 1.450	0.027
Poor differentiation	142 (50.4)	95 (56.2)	47 (41.6)	0.021
Perineural invasion	224 (79.4)	144 (85.2)	80 (70.8)	0.003
PV invasion	120 (42.6)	82 (48.5)	38 (33.6)	0.013
Lymphnode status (N0)	129 (45.7)	65 (38.5)	64 (56.6)	0.003
Pathological stage (stage III)	109 (38.7)	79 (46.7)	30 (26.5)	0.001
Median RFS (months IQR)	8.37 (3.23-15.92)	4.16 (2.26-7.20)	19.10 (14.60-29.77)	< 0.001

¹Pancreaticoduodenectomy and total pancreatectomy.

²Head and neck of pancreas.

ER: Early recurrence; DR: Delayed recurrence; DM: Diabetes mellitus; PD: Pancreaticoduodenectomy; TP: Total pancreatectomy; RFS: Recurrence free survival.