Intestinal tuberculosis with small bowel stricture and hemorrhage as the predominant manifestation: Three case reports

Table 1 Patients' clinical features, management and outcomes

Case/gender	Age at diagnosis	Main clinical features	Examinations for tuberculosis	Features of CTE	Endoscopic appearance	Histopathological examination	Management	Outcome
1/male	49 yr	Melena	PPD (+); TSPOT (+)	Multiple luminal strictures and thickened intestinal walls	Multiple ulcers and stenosis in the small intestine	Multiple granulomas	Standard anti-tuberculosis treatment	No symptoms at the 10th month after discharge
2/female	23 yr	Recurrent abdominal pain	T-SPOT (+)	Multiple luminal strictures and thickened intestinal walls	Segmental ulcers were identified throughout the entire ileum and colon	Multiple granulomas; acid-fast staining detects positive bacteria	Standard anti-tuberculosis treatment	No symptoms at the 10th month after discharge
3/female	63 yr	Recurrent abdominal pain	PPD (+)	Localized thickening of the small intestine with clustering in the lower left abdomen	Ileal stenosis	Multiple granulomas	Standard anti-tuberculosis treatment	No symptoms at the 10th month after discharge

CTE: Computed tomography enterography; PPD: Purified protein derivative test; T-SPOT: Tuberculosis-specific T-cell spot test.