Estimation of Physiologic Ability and Surgical Stress scoring system for predicting complications following abdominal surgery: A meta-analysis spanning 2004 to 2022

Table 3 Subgroup analysis of postoperative complications in the high comprehensive risk score group and the low comprehensive risk score group

Subgroup	Classification	Studies	OR (95%CI)	Subgroup I2	Subgroup effect (P value)	Subgroup overall I2
Institutions quantity	Single-center	7	3.29 (1.83-5.93)	72%	< 0.0001	0
	Multi-center	3	2.57 (1.08-6.10)	99%	0.03
Time span	Retrospective	7	2.62 (1.75-3.94)	81%	< 0.0001	0
	Prospective	3	3.51 (1.26-9.75)	92%	0.02
Sample size	< 100	5	3.68 (1.91-7.08)	60%	< 0.0001	0
	≥ 200	5	2.59 (1.32-5.10)	97%	0.006
Influence factor	< 3.0	5	2.71 (1.61-4.56)	92%	0.0002	0
	≥ 3.0	5	3.25 (1.39-7.58)	64%	0.006
Operation site	Gastrointestinal	6	3.30 (1.73-6.29)	96%	0.0003	0
	Non-gastrointestinal	4	2.61 (1.12-6.07)	80%	0.03
CRS cut-off	< 0.5	5	2.54 (1.67-3.84)	82%	< 0.0001	0
	≥ 0.5	5	3.24 (1.45-7.22)	88%	0.004

CRS: Comprehensive risk score; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.