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World J Gastrointest Surg. Aug 27, 2023; 15(8): 1574-1590
Published online Aug 27, 2023. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i8.1574
Table 3 Clinical consequences of venous thrombosis in patients with chronic pancreatitis in different studies
Ref.
Varices
Splenomegaly
Clinical presentation
Bernades et al[85], 1992 (n = 266)Esophageal: 2 (5%). Gastric: 4 (10%)-Hematemesis: 1. Melena: 1
Sakorafas et al[29], 2000 (n = 34)Gastroesophageal: 12 (35%)-Variceal bleed: 6/34 (17.6%)
Heider et al[28], 2004 (n = 53)Overall gastroesophageal varices: 41/53 (77%). On CT: 40/53 (75.4%). On EGD: 11/36 (30.5%). Both CT and EGD: 10/36 (27.7%)-Gastric variceal bleed: 2 (4%)
Agarwal et al[20], 2008 (n = 34)Varices: 11 /34. Gastric: 7/11 (64%). Esophageal: 4/11 (36%)13/34 (38%)Variceal bleed: 5/34 (15%). Gastric variceal bleed: 3/5 (60%). PHG bleed: 2/5 (40%)
Pandey et al[23], 2019 (n = 157)IGV: 7 (18.9%). GOV: 1 (2.7%)-Upper GI bleed: 7 (18.9%). Gastric variceal bleed: 3 (8.1%). Nonvariceal: 4 (10.8%)
Ru et al[22], 2020 (n = 3358)Gastric: 45/89 (50.6%)50/3358 (1.5%)Variceal bleed: 17/89 (19.1%). Melena: 13 (76.5%). Hematemesis: 10 (58.8%). Both: 8 (47%)
Anand et al[21], 2020 (n = 1363)43/149 (28.9%)27/149 (18.1%)GI bleed: 21/149 (14.1%)
Vujasinovic et al[17], 2021 (n = 394)3/30 (10%)6/30 (20%)GI bleed: 0/30. Intraabdominal bleed: 0/30
CT: Computed tomography; EGD: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy; GI: Gastrointestinal; GOV: Gastro-esophageal varices; IGV: Isolated gastric varices; PHG: Portal hypertensive gastropathy.